Fabre d\' Églantine - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

Biography

Wire of a lawyer to the Parliament of Toulouse, Fabre d' Églantine, impassioned by poetry, obtains a “Lys of money” for a Sonnet with the Virgin presented to the floral Jeux of Toulouse. He prefers to allot the first reward to this contest, the “wild rose of gold”, which he joins with his name, like Jean-Marie Collot d' Herbois.

Fabre d' Églantine engages in a troop of travelling actors and traverses the France: it is with Grenoble in 1772, with Châlon-sur-saône in 1775, with Beauvais the following year. In December 1776, it arrives at Namur, in the Austrian Netherlands. It is driven out by it one year later, to have tried to flee with a fifteen year old young girl, girl of actors of the troop.

The November 9th 1778, it marries with Strasbourg Marie-Nicole Godin, grand-daughter by alliance of Lesage. The couple plays Maastricht of 1779 with 1781, where Fabre d' Églantine makes represent, the February 7th 1780, its first part Laure and Pétrarque , Op3era Comique of which there remains the lovesong He rains, it rains, shepherdess . He plays then Arras (1781), Douai (1782) and Lyon (1784). The following year, it obtains the direction of the theater of Nimes, at the same time as that of Avignon.

Bench with Paris starting from 1787, it writes several parts:

Men of letters, or the provincial Poet in Paris
Augusta
the Presumptuous one, or Happy imaginary the .

Its self-conceit, its need to intrigue unceasingly having made it hate his/her colleagues, those assemble a cabal against him, and its parts, in addition often poor, is whistled.

Only Collateral the (1789) and Philinte de Molière (1790) obtain a triumph. Saved Prison for debts by a letter of Louis XVI, it passes to the posterity with the Revolution.

Fabre had been already made known with the theater by several parts which had obtained success, when the Révolution burst.

Initially indifferent to agitation around him, Fabre d' Églantine sees there at the end of 1789 the occasion to be made a name. Living the sector of Cordeliers, member of the local club, it binds with Georges Jacques Danton and Jean-Paul Marat, forms also continuous part of the Club of the Jacobins but to be devoted especially to the theater.

He writes:

Philinte de Molière or the Continuation of the Misanthropist , revolutionary part of spirit. It is a comedy in 5 acts and worms which was represented in 1790 with the Théâtre of the Nation: it is the table of the egoist victim of his selfishness even;
the Convalescent of quality, or the Aristocrat , praise of the king;
two Operetta S: the Apothecary and Isabelle de Salibury .

Its joke, the epistolary Intrigue , has a great success. Its last work, Stupid the proud , represented a few days before the August 10th 1792, turns in derision the revolutionists to the capacity and displeases to the new holders of the capacity in France. But that is not enough to make live Fabre d' Églantine which spends the money much more quickly than it gains it.

To the beginning of 1791, it offers to the court, via the Minister for the Navy Dubouchage, to create with the club of the Jacobins a tendency favorable to the Monarchie, with the help of three million. One does not take serious to this character deprived of any influence. The August 11th 1792 sees finally the term of its financial problems: become Minister for Justice, Georges Danton engages it as secretary with Camille Desmoulins and Pierre-François-Joseph Robert.

Drawing from the secret funds, Fabre d' Églantine does not neglect either other véreuses businesses: Maximilien de Robespierre will show it to have sold, with a clear benefit of: 40000 pounds, of the shoes intended for the army which from went away of pieces at the end of twelve hours of use. Publishing a newspaper by posters, Report with the sovereign people , where it “exceeded Jean-Paul Marat in fury”, Fabre d' Églantine is one of the principal persons in charge of the Massacres of September 1792 by its calls to the murder.

Elected official appointed with the Convention by the Department of the Seine (1792), it intervenes there little, preferring the intrigues in the shade, voter with the liking of his interests. He will vote the death of Louis XVI. Entered to the Committee of war, he devotes himself with delight to the corrupt practice, at the expense of the State. Racketeer, it is in connection with Marc Rene Marie d' Amarzit de Sahuguet d' Espagnac and the baron Jean de Batz, speculates in the actions of the Compagnie of the Indies. It especially acts by press campaigns in the Gazette of France which it directs. He is the author of the denomination of the Mois and Jour S of the republican Calendrier, whose principle had been established by the Montagnard Charles-Gilbert Rome, and it is him which made it adopt with Convention.

Entered to the Committee of general security, it assembles a fuctueuse operation of liquidation of the business firms and banking in relation to the foreigner, showing them to be agencies of espionage. He is probably the author of the false decree of suppression of the Compagnie of the Indies. Its votes with Convention are incoherent: initially in favor of Jacques Pierre Brissot and the faction of the Lenient or dantonists, then in favor of Maximilien de Robespierre against the Hébertistes, the exaggerated , against “rotted”, finally, its old business connections, when the pot with the pinks is discovered. It is by him that Robespierre can strike its guard Georges Danton. Robespierre presents it like the evil genius of Danton. Fabre d' Églantine has, according to Robespierre, “art to give to the others its own ideas and its own feelings without their knowledge”.

Excluded from the Jacobins, convinced of forgery in writing and misappropriation, Fabre d' Églantine is stopped, is defended with the lawsuit by showing the others, is condemned and guillotine with Danton the 17 germinal year II.

The legend wants that he cried over the cart leading it to the scaffold, deploring not to have been able to finish a poem. Danton, known for its caustic spirit, would then have declared to him: “ thus does not worry you, in one week, of the worms, you will have made thousands of them… ”.

Fabre had had a great part with the drafting of the republican Calendrier. Its Œuvres appeared with Paris, 1802, 2 volumes in-8°. There is still to him the Tutors , who were played only five years after his death: it puts at it in scene the application of the principles of the Emile of Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

See too

Jean Bonaventure Birotteau
Pierre-Ulrich Dubuisson
republican Calendar
Business on the liquidation of the Company of the Indies.
Lawsuit of Georges Danton and the dantonists

Note

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