F Ngum
Somdetch Brhat-Anya F Ladhuraniya Sri Sadhana Kanayudha Maharaja Brhat Rajadharana Sri Chudhana Negara more known under the name of F Ngum (1316 - born in Muang in 1316 Sweated and died in Muong-Nan in 1374, is regarded as the founder of the kingdom lao Lan Xang (million elephants) in 1354.
Biography
Fa Ngum was a grandson of Souvanna Khamphong, governor of Xieng Dong Xieng Thong , old name of Luang Prabang and descendant of more or less mythical Khun Bourom sovereign of VIIIe century. Child, it was exiled with his father at the court Angkor. The Khmer sovereign gave them an army of 10000 men to limit the encroachments of the Siamese sovereigns of Ayutthaya. According to Paul Levy, the history of the reconquest of the country take in the historical texts lao " pace of a semi-légendaire." epopee; This author does not put however doubts it the existence of F-Ngum and the part which he played in the unification of the country lao and renewal of its culture.Victorious of his/her grandfather, F-Ngum reached the throne of current Luang-Prabang in 1353. At this point in time it would have given to its kingdom the name of Lan Xang. It imposed its suzerainty on the kingdom of Vientiane and the principalities of the Sip-Song-Pha-Na and of Lan-Na. Later, it pushed its conquests to the annamitic chain, of with dimensions by negotiating the delimitation of its new borders with the Vietnam. Then, it invades with a great brutality the Plateau of Khorat (in the north of current Thailand). The king of Ayutthaya subjected himself by paying a tribute by giving some to Fa Ngum his daughter like wife.
On the cultural level, it started again and reformed local Buddhism under the direction of its former Khmer Buddhist tutor. This one and of the Khmer craftsmen brought in the capital of F Ngum of the crowned texts and a miraculous statue of the Buddha, the P' ruffle Bang which gave its name to the capital.
Successes led F-Num to such excesses that its minists were obliged of the détrôner in 1373. He died exiled in Muong-Nan in 1374. His/her son, known under the name of Samsenthaï succeeded to him.
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