Exxon Mobil

Exxon Mobil or ExxonMobil (named Esso in Canada, in France, in Switzerland, in Belgium, in Africa and certain countries of Asia) which sits at Irving in the suburbs of Dallas, is an oil and gas company states-unienne. It results from fusion on November 30th, 1999 of Exxon Corporation and Mobil Oil Corporation (respectively numbers 2 and 3 world at the time behind Shell). It thus became the richest company of the world: its turnover is equivalent to GDP of Switzerland and is thus higher than that of 179 of the 195 countries recognized by UNO. Exxon Mobil is also the largest market cap of the world, it accounts for approximately 2% of the capitalization of NYSE. Exxon Mobil is thus largest of the " supermajors" tankers of which oil fields and gas shelter the equivalent of almost 22,4 billion barrels what constitutes the reserves proven most important for a private company.

Activities

It has 45 refineries in 25 countries which have a capacity of distillation of 6,3 million oil barrils per day. It has moreover 42 000 service station in more than 100 countries under the marks Exxon, Esso and Mobil. ExxonMobil is also a major producer of petrochemical products.

In 2006, the company devoted 80 million dollars to philanthropic works to the United States.

Establishment

One of the refineries in France is with Port-Jerome, in edge of the Seine upstream of the Bridge of Tancarville (Seine-Maritime), the other in Fos on sea In the United States, the refinery Exxon Mobil of Baytown is largest of this company followed by the refinery Exxon Mobil of Baton-Rouge.

History

John D. Rockefeller creates the Standard Oil in 1870, which controls half of the distribution of world oil in 1900 and 85 % of the interior volume of the USA in 1904. Benefitting from this monopoly on the distribution, it makes pressure on the producers cause a drop in the selling price.
In 1911, the American Federal state condemns the Standard Oil to dissolution for violation of the laws Antitrust.
In 1928, the Standard Oil sign the Agreement Achnacarry or of Achnacarry.
the resulting company belongs to known as the " trust of the seven sisters " until 1959
the Standard Oil will become Esso , derived from its initial, then Exxon . In Europe and in Canada the name " Esso" remain preserved.

Against the attribution of the Climate warming

Exxon until succeeded here, by financing a big number of researchers so that they defend the thesis of a natural warming of the climate, to limit measurements restricting the energy uses, as well as the development of the biocarburants, in which Exxon does not have interests. These actions do not aim at denying that there is a Climate change, but to invalidate the creed relating to its attribution. For this reason, Exxon appears in a Lobby indicated, by its detractors, under the name of Carbon Club.

In 2005, the Documentary film a truth which disturbs underlines the bonds enters, whereas he played a part in the public administration, and Exxon Mobil.

In December 2006, the British daily newspaper The Independent advances the estimate of 19 million dollars spent by Exxon to finance the climatic Désinformation since 1998. The ExxonSecrets.org site of Greenpeace evokes as for him a sum of more than 22 million dollars.

At the end of January 2007, the British daily newspaper The Guardian confirmed this tendency of Lobbying, publishing the information according to which ExxonMobil, via a Think tank near to the Administration Bush of which it ensures the financing, announced that an envelope of 10.000 dollars had been proposed with a panel selected scientists so that they write articles contradicting the results of the Fourth report/ratio of the GIEC, in the course of completion. This advertisement comes from at the same moment as the publication of the results of ExxonMobil for 2006, with a benefit hitherto unequalled of 39,5 billion dollars for this Multinationale, primarily due to the rise of the oil prices observed of 2004 to 2006.

Bush administration " , had offered several scientists $10,000 USD each to Write articles disputing the IPCC' S conclusions. -->

Financial data

Source: “OpesC”

As comparison, the turnover of Exxon in 2006 is a little bit higher than that of the Belgian GDP.

See too

References

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