The term “ extreme left ” is employed to indicate the political currents located at left of the socialist parties and Communistes traditional. The term nowadays indicates the revolutionary Mouvements which militate for the abolition of the Capitalisme, located on the left movements reformists, in particular on the left of the traditional Communist parties.

Ideology

The indicated political currents of “extreme left” reject sometimes this name being able to be interpreted like an assimilation with the Extrémisme. The term refers at the origin with the respective sites of the parties in the assemblies; however, certain currents of extreme left reject parliamentarism (others formation of party itself). Indeed, it is necessary to distinguish on the one hand the etymology and the original direction from the extreme left term, with on the other hand the current direction of extreme left.

Within the extreme left, one can distinguish:

• part of the Marxism
• part of the Communism
• part of the Leninism (Trotskisme, Bordiguisme; the Maoïsme is also sometimes classified with the extreme left)
• the Luxembourgisme
• the Opéraïsme
• the Anarchisme anticapitalist
• the Anarcho-syndicalisme
• the Communisme of councils
• the Communism-workman
• the autonomous

The term “extreme left” gathers very different currents, with the designs often radically opposite: for example, the Leninist current with the capacity in the USSR repressed the whole of the currents of extreme left. For Serge Cosseron, there exist several strategies among the current movements of extreme left: “The ones have a traditional Leninist policy (reinforcement of the party), and others have a policy more " mouvementiste" trying to articulate itself with social movements”. Both not being incompatible.

Parties

• In France, it acts of the parties trotskists: the Communist revolutionary league, Workers' struggle, the principal one running of the Left the workers - there also exists of other groups of extreme left, trotskists or not.

• There exists in the world of the parties Maoists, but in France they disappeared since the end from the Années 1970 (exist only bunches today). Their practice brings them closer more policy of the traditional PC than to the extreme left.
• In Iran and Iraq, of the parties claims working Communisme.
• In Belgium, it also acts of the parties trotskists: the Movement for an socialist alternative, the Belgian Communist revolutionary league, the Belgian Workers' struggle - there also exists of other groups of extreme left, trotskists or not.

  See also: Radical left in Belgium

Extreme left and Communist parties

So in certain countries the Communist parties are located at the extreme left (for example in Suisse), in others it were distinguished some. Certain Communist parties, for example in France or Italy, have a long practice of municipal management or participation in the parliamentary life, which in fact of the institutional actors of the political life. Nevertheless the qualifier of extreme left is sometimes used.

In the Anglo-Saxon countries , where the Communist parties are very minority and do not sit at the Parlement, the term of extreme left generally also applies to them.

The term of “extreme left” is sometimes confused with those of “radical left” or “left of the left”, which are not synonyms. These the last two terms gather the left ranging between the socialist parties and the extreme left: Communist parties and alternative left (of which movements ecologists).

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