Experimental method

One of the bases of the scientific Démarche is the Expérimentation, i.e. the collection of Donnée S on the field of study, and the confrontation of the model to the facts.

The experimental methods are used for this purpose.

One of the precursors of the experimental method is the Irish physicist and chemist Robert Boyle, which is also the father of the natural Philosophie.

The experimental method is useful, in particular, to avoid the Biais confirmation of assumption.

Microscopy

The methods of microscopy are used mainly in sciences of the matter and the life: Sciences of the materials, Molecular biology, Geology… but also for the investigations: Scientific police, epidemiology and medical diagnosis (culture of cells), environmental studies (hygiene and occupational safety, pollution)…

Structural analysis

These methods consist in determining the structure of the crystals and of the Molécule S. They are used in analytical Chimie, to study the synthesis of the molecules (organic Synthèse, Drug company), in Sciences of the materials…

Chemical analysis

Many fields have recourse to the analytical Chimie.

See the article Spectrometry .

Chemical kinetics

  • differential Method of Van' T Hoff

  • Method of Powell
  • Method of reduced times of reaction
  • Method of Ostwald
  • Method initial speeds

Mechanical tests

The mechanical tests have as a role to determine the capacity of a material to become deformed (Mise in form, Usinage, Rhéologie), to wear (Tribologie), or to break. That of course relates to the Sciences of the materials, but also the Biomécanique.

  • Test tensile
  • Test deflection
  • Sheep Charpy
  • Measurement of hardness
  • …

Notes and references of the article

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