Eutectic
An eutectic is a mixture of two pure substances which bottom and solidify at constant temperature, contrary to the usual mixtures. It behaves in fact like a pure Substance from the point of view of fusion.
It is also the point of the diagram (mixture with a given proportion) for which the mixture is at its minimal temperature in liquid phase. This temperature is specific to each mixture.
On a diagram of phase, the Liquidus presents a point of reflection which touches the Solidus .
The most known eutectic is the eutectic Eau + salt: one salts the roads in winter so that the ice forms an eutectic with salt, eutectic which is liquid with moderate negative temperatures.
This fall in the temperature of fusion is called “eutectic fusion”. This principle is also used in the Munition S with Uranium impoverished, used in particular by the American Armée during the war with Kuwait: at the time of the impact, thanks to large the kinetic energy of the head of the Shell, uranium begins to melt involving that of the Fer contained the shielding, forming an eutectic ; it results from it a perforation from the shielding and a projection of fused metal behind the shielding (thus unfortunately that a contamination of the environment by uranium Radioactif).
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