Eurre

Eurre is a common French, located in the department of the Drome and the area the Rhone-Alps.

Geography

Eurre is in the valley of Drome, between Valence and Montélimar, at the top of a hill.

History

History of the village east so closely related to that of its castle which one can with difficulty speak about the one without the other… here thus just some elements “ divers ”…

Origins of the name

Eurre, in the past a long time, was called Urre, this name indicating all at the same time the village, the castle, and the name of the families of the lords who remained there. Urre would have been synonymous with burned ground, this pointing out the many cruel invasions which followed one another in the area during nearly 500 years after the Roman decline, of 410: Vandals, Alains, Goths, then Lombards (towards 535), Buckwheats, Moors of Spain (towards 730), Hungarian in 924, then again Buckwheats, in 1018, very often left on their passage only burned ruins and grounds… In old local language, one says “ this corn is urri ” when it matured prematurely and was burned by the sun.

Roman Period

Romans, everywhere where they had settled, established roads to make there circulate their carriages and move their armies. In Eurre, they found a place sufficiently high: abundant water and good station of monitoring for the area and the road way which they had just brought into service. This way directly connected the Alps to the Roman road which placed the Rhone towards Vienna and Lugdunum: one named it Via Magna, the Main road. In Eurre a Roman camp, kept by an important garrison was established, which bore the names of Horea and Villa Vocator. One finds of them vestiges in the low part of the castle of today. In 58 before Jesus-Christ, Jules César crosses the Genèvre Mount then goes to Luc where it joined his lieutenant Labénius who had gone to Valence by the valley of Isere. It is him which had made build the way between Valence and the Alps: this road, precisely, passed by Eurre…

1347: battle of Urre

July 25th, 1347, the pope Clément VI charges the bishops with Uzes and Lisbon to reconcile Aymar of Poitiers, Count de Valentinois, and the bishop of Valence, Pierre de Chatelus. A battle takes place at Crest, then the episcopal troops are folded up then on the plate of Eurre, near, where the reinforcements of the Count de Poitiers join them: one regrets then more than two hundreds died at the episcopal ones, and number of them are made prisoners by the soldiers of the Count de Valentinois. About 1350, Eurre is with the apogee of its power: the solid ramparts ensured to him an unquestionable safety, made necessary by the multiple facts of armed robbery which touch the area.

1525: consequences of the battle of Pavia

A certain number of lords from the Dauphine had followed François Ier to fight at his sides in Italy: the battle of Pavia cost the life Antoine d' Urre, Rostaing and Guy de Vesc. After this disaster, the Dauphine one had to pay the ransom of King François Ier and that of the prisoners of war of the province.

1575-1576: catch and resumption of Eurre

After the defeat of the Protestants vis-a-vis the Armies of the King with the La Rochelle, they take refuge in Drome and more particularly at Crest, 5km of Eurre. The city is strengthened. It is the time of the Wars of religion. In this year the 1575 Protestants give the attack to the village which goes without fighting. At the end of the same year, the Catholics take again the village with the Protestants.

July 4th, 1575 takes place the battle of Blacons: she opposes Catholic, represented them by the Armies of the King, ordered by Gordes, governor of Dauphine, assisted by his son-in-law and lieutenant Rostaing d' Urre, lord of Ourches, and by Jean d' Urre and of Tools. Protestant, carried out them by the Baron Of Puy Montbrun (successor of the baron of the Adrets) and by its lieutenant Connétable of Lesdiguières; they are assisted by Glane de Cugie and of Urre and by the Lord of Vercoiran and Urre.

The family of Urre then knows thus important internal competitions. In February 1576, the commander of the Protestants Aime de Glane de Cugie and of Urre (heir to Giraud d' Urre) takes again the village with the Catholics. March 6th, 1576, the Edict of Chastenay grants to Réformés the free exercise of their worship in all the kingdom; but Eurre will remain with the hands of the Protestants until 1582, date on which, following its recovery by the armies of the king, which remained fortifications of is seen condemned to dismantling. The external ramparts which surrounded the village are thus cut down by the royal armies between 1582 to 1586. There remain only some fragments today about it. The stronghold will be alienated in 1593 in favor of the lords of Eurre.

Eurre today

Eurre shows its dynamism found with a life agricultural, artisanal and commercial active: the grocer-coffee-multi-services reopened, the school accommodates 95 children and of many activities of leisures are proposed to the inhabitants and to the tourists. Several artists and craftsmen of art chose Eurre to live and work.

Source: http://www.visseaux.org/eurre.htm

Administration

Demography

Places and monuments

The Castle

Year 1000… About 1044, the families Isoard and Arnaud of Fleet, families of builders, undertake the construction of the castle and the creation of the village on the vestiges of the Roman occupation. It is very little of time after in the castle of Eurre the first representatives of the lords of Urre will settle: one finds, listed in 1190, Guigue d' Urre; in 1192, Gention d' Urre, knight; in 1200, Guyon d' Urre; and in 1266, François d' Urre, who had succeeded Pierre, his/her father, wire of Guyon.

Middle Ages The village, the castle and its ramparts shelter approximately 1100 men, women and children, as well as the pets which are necessary for them: asses and she-asses primarily, because one then finds few horses, mules and mules into Dauphine.

Later… The castle underwent several transformations during the centuries, which explains the strange cohabitation of moyennâgeux walls and a Renaissance frontage. These walls crenelated, are flanked powerful towers in round-off, with in the center a raised keep, the stone whole of 2 m thickness size. The frontage, as for it, underwent a repair finished in 1525, ordered by Germain d' Urre, who remained there then: thus one can admire immense cross glazed Renaissance time there, as well as turns of angle of the same time. In 1675, Marie d' Urre, downward last of the lords of Eurre and not having a brother, married Augustin de Vesc. Thus the family of Vesc settled with the castle of Eurre. With the Revolution, Drome expressed its enthusiasm in front of the new political ideas, but the family of Vesc saw of an evil eye progressive disappearance of her privileges. She decided to leave France and to ask asylum abroad. Thus in 1793, following a law on the goods of the emigrants, the castle and the goods belonging to the lords of Eurre were sold like such. The castle was acquired by a supplier with the Armies who then sold it to the Sisters of Saint-Joseph of Cluny, which created there a class of teaching for young girls. This class was to be removed in 1905, with the separation of the Church and the State. The castle remained a long time uninhabited. It became one moment property of Mr. Grimaud of Potière, which then yielded it to Mr. Deferre, father of the former mayor of Marseilles, which will live there until its death. Two successive owners brought then some transformations to the castle: the second made his possible to make disappear the modifications “ not very heureuses ”, with the dires of the population, carried out by the first, and succeeds in returning to the castle its state and its style of origin.

Today The visitor who penetrates in this court of the Middle Ages, which preserves the memory of the passages of Louis XI and François Ier, can only be surprised by the austerity of his style: it opens on a porch in arc of circle and a splendid ogival door, that of the vault (formerly the keep) to the two meters thickness walls. Inside appear the big rooms “ Renaissance ” with immense crossings and the beautiful ceilings out of wooden of origin. With the wall of the one of them exists still a fresco evoking the baptism of Giraud d' Urre in the presence of its François godfather Ist. Also remain of vast chimneys always carrying the blazon of the family of Urre. The castle, today private property, are not visited… but are let admire.

Old dwellings

In the Middle Ages, the dwellings were grouped inside high walls of protection which surrounded the villages, and not disseminated in the countryside. In Eurre, some farms and hamlets thereafter came to be joined with those which existed already in the surroundings close to the strengthened village.

The castle of Eurre dominates the village, but the dwellings are narrowly coupled, forming a compact tangle of houses and sometimes escarpées lanes for him. One speaks then about “ borough castral ”: collective habitat height gathered to the foot of a castle, typical arrangement of very many villages of the South-east of France. One recognizes today some sites of old hamlets or houses:

Videaux This hamlet in the North of the village, in which several families lived, for a very long time made industry of the manufacture of tiles and bricks, starting from the clay extracted the ground. Some furnaces were still in activity in 1850. Later, about 1908, an important career provided out of clay a ceramics factory of Crest.

Tools Tool is a field which belonged to the lords of Tools (close to Bourdeaux, in the South of Eurre); one of them interdisit one day with the lords of Urre the passage by a way which crossed its property. The Court of justice of Grenoble, following the lodged complaint by the lord of Urre, the lord of Tools had to shave the wall which it had made build to bar the access to this way; traces of its foundations still exist…

Pierregourde This farm belonged to the lord of Pierregourde formerly, in Ardeche. The legend tells that this lord, Protestant chief, during the Wars of religion were cut the throat of by his catholic maidservant charged to shave it…

Maladière . .ou Maladrerie: not far from the monastery, it was about the place reserved for the leprous one.

Condamine This farm is less old than the preceding dwellings, but it has a monumental chimney “ Renaissance ” like some remarkable elements of the same time, recovered after the Revolution with the auction of the goods of the lord-lord of the manor of Eurre.

Horns In this hamlet a very old farm strengthened with its turns of guet is. It is located at the district of Maupas, name which indicates an old den of bandits. Further, in a close hill, deep underground galleries were dug; the origin would be celebrates it Mandrin…

Chastelanne These grounds with vine belonged, about 1500, with the lord Germain of Urre, known as Capitaine Mollans, who, on his return of Italy after Marignan, made build in this place not very far away from the castle a beautiful residence to shelter charming favorite fore-mentioned Anne there. A tunnel would have even existed between the castle and “ Chastel-Anne ”…

the Wood of the Furnace Furnace of the lord, of a public and obligatory use, the subjects were held to provide it out of wood cut in this locality.

the church the current, contemporary church of the castle, corresponds to its old vault. Romance, with the door style of Provence, with its two ionic semi-columns and its Greek pediment, it also has very beautiful stained glasses of the 17th century. Under the flagstones of the acian tiling replaced in 1968, since centuries the successive generations families of the lords of Eurre rest…

Source: http://www.visseaux.org/eurre.htm

Personalities related to the commune

See too

Common of Drome

External bonds

http://www.visseaux.org/eurre.htm All history of the village
http://ramieres.val.drome.reserves-naturelles.org/ Site of the Natural reserve of Ramières whose Eurre forms part
Eurre on the site of the national geographical Institute
Eurre on the site of INSEE
Eurre on the site of Quid
Localization of Eurre on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plan on Eurre on Mapquest
http://saint-jean2007.site.voila.fr Site of the tournament of football inter-district

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