Eurasism

The eurasism is doctrines Géopolitique developed in Russia. It was built at the beginning of the Années 1920 before falling into the lapse of memory. Since the end of the Union of the Soviet socialist republics, these doctrines was given ahead, sometimes under the name of neo-eurasism, by the philosopher and Russian geopolitician, Alexandre Douguine.

These doctrines are rather widespread in Russia and in “the close foreigner” (mainly Soviet in the past Moslem republics: Kazakhstan, Turkménistan, Tadjikistan, Kirghizstan) and even in Europe, Turkey, Iran, etc

The eurasism was initially built in 1920 by Russian intellectuals of the emigration (NR. Troubetskoy, P. Savitsky, NR. Alexeiev, etc). Those affirmed that the Russian identity had been born from an original fusion between the elements Slavic and turco-Moslem, that Russia constituted a “third continent” located between the Occident (denounced like materialist and declining) and Asia. The deliver-proclamation of the movement was entitled besides Turning towards the East (Petr Savitsky, 1921). The eurasists dissociated traditional nationalists and Slavophiles. Without being communist, they were not opposed to the Soviet experiment, which they looked like the continuation of the Russian imperial idea.

The neo-eurasism of Douguine takes up these ideas but it goes further. It raises the theory of Mackinder which opposes Thalassocratie and Tellurocratie, “world island” (America) and “world ground” (Eurasia), with the height of an explanation of the history. Civilization thalassocratic, Anglo-Saxon, Protestant, of capitalist spirit, irréductiblement would irréductiblement be opposed to civilization continental, Russian-Eurasian, orthodoxe and Moslem, of socialist spirit. The Occident, where the sun lies down, represents the decline, dissolution. Eurasia represents the rebirth, it is the country of the gods, since it is there that the sun rises. The declared goal of the movement neo-eurasist is to constitute a large Eurasian continental block to fight with equal footings against the maritime power “Atlantic”, which represents the “world evil” involving the world towards chaos. Thus the eschatology mixes with geopolitics.

In the strictly Russian context, it is a kind of third way located between the pro-Western and liberal orientation and the nostalgia of the communist past, while avoiding demagogic excesses of the populism extremist and narrow nationalism. Douguine defines itself its movement like a “radical center” and “the first geopolitical party”.

In April 2001, Alexandre Douguine created the political Social movement side-Russian Eurasia, who gave birth, in November 2003, in Moscow, with the Eurasian international Movement, conceived like a ONG and represented in twenty-two countries.

Alexandre Douguine found relays in France since the beginning of the years 1990. He went to France very often to take part in political or university conferences. Its principal writings were translated into French and diffused in the form of books and articles.

See too

Bond towards French texts of Alexandre Douguine concerning the eurasism

Sources

Marlène Laruelle, Alexandre Dugin: outline of a eurasism of extreme-right-hand side in Russia post-Soviet, RECEO 32/3, 2001.
Marlène Laruelle, the Ideology Russian eurasist or how to think the empire, Harmattan, 1999.
Didier Chaudet, Florent Parmentier, Benoît Pélopidas, empire with the mirror. Strategies of power in the United States and in Russia , Geneva, Droz, 2007.

Random links: