Eugene Delacroix

Eugene Delacroix (born on April 26th, 1798 with Charenton-Saint-Maurice, deceased with Paris on August 13rd, 1863) is a painter French major of the romantic movement , appeared, in painting, at the beginning of the 19th century.

Biography

Family ties

The father of the painter, Charles Delacroix, was a secretary of Turgot before being appointed Convention (he will vote the death of the king), then prefect. His/her mother, Victoire Oëben, went down from a family of cabinetmakers of reputation.

According to certain historians, Eugene Delacroix would have had Talleyrand for biological father. The legitimate father, predecessor of Talleyrand as Minister for the foreign relations, was affected of an outgrowth which prevented it from procreating with the means of the time and Talleyrand assiduously attended his wife for this period. At all events, Talleyrand granted to the painter same effective protection that if he had been his own son, and this, during all the modes which they served (of the Directory to the monarchy of July). The hybrid grandson of Talleyrand, the duke of Morny, president of the legislative body and uterine half-brother of Napoleon III, made of Delacroix the official painter of the Second Empire, although the emperor preferred to him Winterhalter and Meissonnier.

Talleyrand was fair and pale, whereas, describing their friend Eugene Delacroix with jet hair, Baudelaire speaks about a “dye about Peruvian” and Théophile Gautier of an air of “Maharajah”. With the fall of the Second empire, time when the genetics was with its stammerings, this physical characteristic constituted an argument for the friends and the admirors of Delacroix in order to avoid posthumous disgrace to him having belonged to clicks imperial.

The romantic painter

Delacroix was pupil of Guerin, initially in private workshop, then at the School of the Art schools. In 1827, the editor and lithographer Charles Motte persuaded it to illustrate the first French edition of the “ Faust ” of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, itself undertaking to lithograph the boards and to color them with the watercolour.

Delacroix gave up soon the academic tradition, sacrificed the drawing to the color, and, according to a movement similar to that which was achieved then in the poetry, produced a crowd of works extremely admired of the ones, extremely criticized by others, which made of him the chief of the romantic school in painting, and whose undeniable merits opened to him, afterwards many resistances, doors of the Institut of France (1857).

He is especially the emblematic artist of the Romantisme in Peinture. Often opposed to Ingres, regarded as neo-classic, in particular by criticisms of the various living rooms where they exposed, it becomes, during the World Fair of 1855, the man who could exceed the traditional formation to renew painting. With its death, the contemporary artists paid vibrating homages, in particular to him Gustave Courbet. Authenticate genius, it left many committed works which were often in connection with the topicality ( massacres of Scio or Freedom guiding the people ). It carried out also many tables with religious topics (crucifixion, Jacob and the Angel, Christ on the Lake Génésareth, etc), although it sometimes declared atheistic. On all the grounds of its time, there remains the brightest symbol of romantic painting.

The majority of works of Delacroix are of inspiration literary. It was already thus of its the Boat of Dante . It will be the same for sound Sardanapale , inspired by a poem of Byron; it will be also thus of its Boat of gift Juan, drawn from another poem of Byron, and it will be still thus of quantity of other paintings which leave straight of works Shakespeare, of Goethe or other writers. In addition, thanks to a voyage in North Africa, it was one of the first artists to going to paint, the East according to nature, which was worth us, in addition to very many sketches and watercolours, some beautiful fabrics of the vein of the Femmes of Algiers in their apartment .

The work of Delacroix will inspire many painters, such Vincent Van Gogh. Its tables testify indeed to a great control of the Couleur.

Several works of Delacroix are exposed to the Musée of Louvre.

Dante and Virgile with the hells (1822): Gleams slip on the inflated musculatures, a fire consumes a city with the background, the coats float in the wind. Fantastic, macabre and erotic mix.

In 1978, it was represented on the Banknotes of 100 frank French.

Founding member of the National company of the Art schools

Eugene Delacroix took part in creation, in 1862, of the National company of the Art schools but left his/her friend, the painter, poet and novelist Théophile Gautier (which made known it in the romantic coterie), to become about it the president with the painter Aimé Millet as vice-president. In addition to Delacroix, the committee was composed of the painters Albert-Ernest Carrier-Belleuse, Pierre Puvis de Chavannes and among the exhibitors were Leon Bonnat, Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux, Charles-François Daubigny, Laura Fredducci, Gustave Doré and Edouard Manet. In 1864, just after the death of Delacroix, the company organized a retrospective exposure of 248 paintings and lithographies of this famous painter and “ step-uncle ” of the emperor.

Works

the Boat of Dante or Dante and Virgile (with the hells) , (1822), 189x241,5 cm., Museum of Louvre, Paris
Aline the mulatto or Portrait of Aspasie the Moorish , (about 1824), Museum Fabre, Orphan Montpellier
Young person with the cemetery , (1824), Museum Eugene Delacroix
Scenes of the massacres of Scio , (1824), Museum of Louvre, Paris
Greece on the ruins of Missolonghi , (1826), 213x142 cm., Museum of the Art schools of Bordeaux
the Death of Sardanapale , (1827-1828), Museum of Louvre, Paris
Freedom guiding the people , (1830), 260x325 cm., Museum of Louvre, Paris
the battle of Nancy , (1831), 237x350 cm., Museum of the Art schools of Nancy
Women of Algiers in their apartment , (1834), 180x229 cm. , Museum of Louvre, Paris
the Battle of Taillebourg , (1835-1837), 485x555 cm., Museum of the Castle of Versailles
Self-portrait with the green waistcoat , (1837), 65x54,5 cm., Museum of Louvre, Paris
Portrait of Chopin , (1838), Museum of Louvre, Paris
Portrait of George Sand , (1838), Copenhagen (note: Chopin & sand together cut out)
Self-portrait , (1840), Gallery of the Offices, Florence
Entered of Crossed in Constantinople , (1840), 410x498 cm., Museum of Louvre, Paris
Christ in cross , (1846), Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.
Landscape in Champrosay , about 1849, Museum Malraux, Le Havre
Christ on the Lake Génésareth , (about 1853), Portland cement Art Museum.
Been engaged of Abydos , (1857), 47,7x40 cm.
Ovide at the Scythians , (1859), 88x130 cm., National Gallery, London
Hunting for the lions , (1855), Museum of Bordeaux, Boston (1858), Chicago (1861)
Médée furious , (1838-1862), 260x165 cm., Museum of the Art schools, Lille, 122,5x84,5 cm., Museum of Louvre, Paris
the large Gigue (1855-1856)
Fight of Jacob with the Angel , (1855-1861), Painting with the wax Church Saint-Sulpice, Paris
Orpheus (or Orphée in Greek) and Eurydice ,
Macbeth consulting the witches , (1825), lithography, Bertauts, R. Rodier printer, Paris
Faust in the prison of Marguerite , (1828), lithography, at mound printer, Paris
Education of Achilles , Decoration of the library of the Palate-Bourbon, Paris (1833-1847)
Arab Horses Fighting in a Stable , (1860), Louvre
Miss Rose, Naked sitted , (1820-1823), Louvre
Woman with a parrot , (1827)
Self-portrait called in Ravenswood or Hamlet , about 1824, Museum Eugene Delacroix
the Education of the Virgin , (1842), Museum Eugene Delacroix
the woman with white bottom , (1825)
Mirabeau and Dreux-Brézé, on June 23rd, 1789 , (1830), Museum Eugene Delacroix
Charles-Quint with the monastery of Yuste , (1837), Museum Eugene Delacroix
Fanatic of Tangier , (1838), Houston Museum off Fine Arts
Lion devouring a horse , (1844), drawing
Lion devouring a Rabbit , (1850),
Piéta , (1850)
Madeleine in the desert , (1845), Museum Eugene Delacroix
Sea of Galilee , (1854)
Negro with the turban , Pastel, Museum Eugene Delacroix
Hamlet and Horatorio with the cemetery , (1839), Louvre
portraits of the pension Goubaux series of ten portraits

Portrait of Auguste-Richard of Hautière , 1828

the assassination of the bishop of Liege , (1829), Louvre
Portrait of Leon Riesener , Louvre
the Jewish Wedding in Morocco , (1839), Louvre
Horse attacked by a panther , Watercolour, Louvre
the Sultan of Morocco surrounded by his guard, (1845), Museum of Toulouse

the Shipwreck of Don Juan , (1840), Louvre

the Combat of Giaour and the Pasha , (1826), Chicago

Juistice de Trajan , (1840), Museum of Rouen

Othello and Desdemona , (1847-1849), US coll private

Decoration of the library of the Palate of Luxambourg, Paris (1840-1847)
Decoration of the town hall Paris, living room of peace, (1852-1854) destroyed in 1871

Decoration of the Ceiling of the gallery of Appollon, Louvre, Paris (1850-1851)

Objects of everyday usage

Several works of Eugene Delacroix were used with French objects as everyday usage:

In the Years 1980, a series of postal stamps represented details of the following table: Freedom guiding the people .
At the end of the 20th century, the banknote of one hundred frank commemorated Delacroix and its table Freedom guiding the people . It was then about only banknote in the world representing a woman with the naked centres. It was impossible to change it into local currency in certain Islamic countries.

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