Etimología popular

This page relates to the year 1456 Calendrier Julien.

Events

Africa

  • the Venetian navigator Alvise da Ca' da Mosto and Génois Uso di Mare discover the the Cape Verde Islands on behalf of the Portugal.

Asia

Eastern Europe

  • April: The Diet of Buda issues the general lifting of the army and request to the pope Calixte III to send a fleet in the Straits.
  • July 3rd: Jean Hunyadi sends Vlad Dracula to Brasov to organize the defense of the Transylvania.
  • July 4th: Beginning of the Head office of Belgrade.
  • 21 - July 23rd: Galvanized by Holy Jean de Capristan, the Crusaders, under the orders of Jean Hunyadi, manage to loosen the Turkish vice around Belgrade, obliging the sultan Mehmed II, wounded of an arrow, to flee. Jean Hunyadi pushes back the 120  000 Turks of Mehmed II until in Bulgaria.
  • August 11th: Jean Hunyadi dies of the plague. With died of Hunyadi, Vlad walk on the Valachie.
  • August 20th: Vladislav II of Valachie, surprised and betrayed by dissatisfied Wallachian boyards, finds death with Târgsor in obscure circumstances. Vlad III Empaleur (the source of the legend of Dracula) becomes Prince of Valachie.
  • September 6th: Vlad III, after having organized the lifting of the taxes, lends oath of fidelity to the king de Hongrie Ladislas Posthumous the and concluded the treaty from Brasov with the Saxons of Transylvania where it gives up temporarily the monetary policy of his predecessor. A little later an embassy of the sultan claims to him the payment of the tribute and the delivery of one of its sons like hostage (September 10th). Only vis-a-vis the Turks, Vlad must agree to go to Istanbul to pay 10  000 ducats of gold annual and to lend homage to the sultan (1456 - 1458).
  • With the autumn, Vlad tries to recover its Transylvanian strongholds of Făgăraş and Almas, which causes the rupture with the king of Hungary. He makes strike a money round of applause of 0,40 grams, appearing a comet, which marks the rupture of the monetary union of the Valachie with the Hungary (1456 - 1457).
  • October: Ladislas posthumous the is taken along of Vienna in Hungary by the tycoon Ulrich de Cillei (Celje), hostile with the family Hunyadi. The young king is done accessory to the execution to Stanislas Hunyadi, brother of Jean, then joined Prague where it prepares its marriage with Madeleine de Valois, girl of Charles VII of France.
  • November 9th: Ulrich de Celje, husband of the girl of the Serb despot Jurij Branković, is killed with Belgrade by noble Hungarian led by László Hunyadi, wire of Jean. In the absence of direct heir, the grounds of the Celje return to the Habsbourg.
    • the king Ladislas V throws in prison the two wire Hunyadi, László and Mátyás. László is decapitated (March 16th 1457) and imprisoned Mátyás with Prague. But the party of Hunyadi continuous to enjoy a great popularity and the revolt burst in Transylvania under the control of the widow of László, Elisabeth, and of her brother Mihály Szilágyi.

  • Treated of Yazhelbitsy. Alliance between Moscow and Novgorod.
  • Casimir IV of Poland makes recognize a disciple of Isidore, Gregoire, like métropolite of Kiev to divide the Russian Church.
  • the Othoman Turks seize Athens. The duke Francesco II Acciaiuoli resists on the Acropolis until June 1458.
  • the vizier Mahmoud Pasha becomes governor of Roumélie.

Western Europe

  • War of Jean of Calabria, wire of Rene of Anjou, against the Aragoneses (fine in 1462).
  • Warwick becomes governor of Calais.

France

  • January 24th: Pose first stone of the Château of Hâ, built after the victory of Castillon (1453), pout to shelter part of the royal troops constituting the garrison of Bordeaux.
  • May 31st: Arrest of the duke of Alençon shown to have solicited the duke of York to make a descent in the Cotentin and in Picardy.

  • July 7th: End of the lawsuit of rehabilitation of Jeanne d' Arc, informed by Estouteville and Longueuil.

  • August 30th: Revolt dolphin Louis which flees near the duke of Burgundy Philippe the Good.

  • the general states of Languedoc hold meeting for the first time with Pézenas. The city accommodates them then regularly and becomes the residence of the governors of Languedoc.

Art & culture

Science & technology

  • Ca' da Mosto still measures the latitude of the estuary of the Gambia according to the shade of a lance driven on the ground. Astrolabe S, quadrants or balestilles will become of an everyday usage towards the last quarter of the 15th century.

Economy & company

  • Francesco Sforza makes dig the channel of Martesana, length of more than 30 km, which bring to Milan water of the Adda. Widened in 1573, it becomes navigable.

  • the pope Calixte III Borgia recognizes the monopoly of the Portuguese in the Atlantique.

  • Mehmet II orders the striking of gold currency imitated of the guilder, the firengi filuri (frank guilder). It remains a currency of prestige, and the external transactions are done in Venetian ducats like Unit of Account.

  • the Moldavie pours 2000 ducats but Venetian annual tribute with the Door (42  000 in 1710).

  • the Valachie of Vlad Empaleur, which counts 2100 villages and 17 boroughs and cities, could be populated of 400  000 inhabitants, alive in great majority in the campaigns. The prince does not have a land field, but the crown is owner of the lakes of the the Danube, rich in fish, and of the basement (copper and gold, salt mines). The incomes of the customs, the taxes of share (dîme, fiftieth on the cattle) and of distribution (12 to 18 different taxes) supplement its incomes. Half of the country are covered of forests. The country exports in Transylvania smoked or salted fish, cattle (horses, oxen), honey, beeswax, wine, furs…). Raising come from the spices (pepper, saffron…), of fabrics of hair of camel (street pedlar), of the silk trade, cotton, the weapons, the wine of Malvoisie, etc

Births in 1456

Death in 1456

Be-X-old: 1456 Map-bms: 1456 Nds-nl: 1456 Simple: 1456

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