See also: Malus
Etienne Louis Malus , born with Paris the July 23rd 1775 and died in Paris the February 24th 1812, is a Engineer, Physicien and Mathématicien French.
Biography
He enters to the École of the genius of Wall of which he is returned like suspect in 1793. He is sent then to Dunkirk where a civil engineer notices it and the fact of entering to the Polytechnic school (X1795 Promotion). Affected in the genius, it takes part in the forwarding of Egypt of 1798 with 1801 and becomes member of the Institut of Egypt. He is elected member of the Academy of Science in 1810. He is thereafter inspector with the entrance examination, then director of studies at the Polytechnic school.
Work
Its mathematical work is poour the majority related to the study of the Lumière. Its work on the geometrical systems is close to those of Julius Plücker. It undertakes experiments to check the theories stated by Huygens on the nature of the light and in a more analytical form in its Traité of analytical optics appeared in reformulates them 1807. Its discovery of the polarization of the light by reflection is published in 1809 and its theory of the double refraction of the light in a crystal appears under the title Théorie of the double refraction of the light in the crystalline substances in 1810 and is worth to him the price of the Academy of Science as well as the Médaille Rumford of the Royal Society.
Its most famous discovery is probably the Loi of Malus , which gives the intensity I , after passage in a polarizer of a beam of light of incidental intensity I0 :
-
I = I 0 cos2 θ
where θ is the angle between the direction of polarization of the incidental light and the axis of the Polariseur.
Major articles
- To the measure of the refringent capacity of the opaque bodies, Newspaper of the Polytechnic school , 1809, Volume 8, p. 219-228.
Homages
Its name is registered on the lathe Eiffel.
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