Estrogen

The estrogen or estrogenes are a group of Stéroïde S which functions like Hormone sexual primary female. They are produced initially by the development of the follicules of the ovary S, the yellow Corps (corpus luteum) and the Placenta. Certain estrogens are also produced in minor amounts by other fabrics the such Foie, the Surrénale, the Sein S and the fat Tissu. These secondary sources of estrogenes are particularly important among women at the time of the post- Ménopause.

The three natural estrogens are the Estradiol, the Estriol and the Estrone. In the body, they all are produced at the beginning of Androgène S under the effect of enzymes. The estradiol is produced starting from the Testostérone and the estrone starting from the Androstènedione. The estrone is much less powerful than the estradiol, and among women in post-menopause, one finds more estrone that of estradiol.

Although the estrogens are present in the two sexes, one finds of it a quantity significantly more important among women than at the men. They support the development of the secondary Sexual characters, like the centres, and are also implied in the control of the menstrual Cycle, which explains why the majority of the contraceptive pills contain some.

The use of estrogens, associated in particular with the Progesterone, is a treatment (Substitution therapy hormonal) discussed symptoms of the Ménopause.

In addition to their roles in the reproduction, female but so male, the estrogens are implied in the development central Nervous system, in the Homéostasie of the Squelette and the cardiovascular Système. They also have effects on the fat Foie and fabric.

Derived from the estrogens

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Cellular receivers of the estrogens

Principal the receiving of the estrogens is Protéine S intracellular belonging to the family of the receiving nuclear and coded by two distinct Gènes at the human one: they are the receivers alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) of the estrogens. A third potential receiver, pertaining to another family (Receiving coupled with the proteins G), coded by a third gene and called GPR30 was recently described. The effects of the estrogens on their cells/target fabrics via these receivers can be classified in two categories: effects genomic, i.e on the form of the genes; and the effects nongenomic which directly concern other molecular actors in the cells, mainly of proteins.

Estrogens and pathologies

The estrogens are implied in Pathologie S with strong impact on the company from their frequency and/or their gravity. They are essentially hormono-dependant Cancer S at the woman, Breast cancer or of the Utérus, and the Ostéoporose, disease touching of many women after the menopause. However, the estrogens would have proven neuro-guards effects.

There does not exist any consensus to say that the estrogens increase breast cancer with the reading of the last international data 2006. To reduce the estrogens to a role of cause of cancers is a populist scientific interpretation and dishonest person. The scientific articles are much more moderate in this field.

References

  • Fang H, Tong W, Shi LM, Blair R, Perkins R, Branham W, Hass BS, Xie Q, Dial SSL, Moland CL, Sheehan DM. 2001. Structure-activity relationships for has broad various set off natural, synthetic, and environmental estrogens. Chemical Research in Toxicology 14:280 - 294.

  • Filardo EJ, Thomas P. 2005. GPR30: seven-transmembrane-spanning estrogen receptor that triggers EGF release has. Trends in Endocrinilogy and Metabolism Oct.; 16 (8): 362-7. Review

  • Revankar CM, Cimino DF, Sklar, Arterburn JB, Prossnitz ER 2005. With transmembrane intracellular estrogen receptor mediate rapid concealment signaling. Science. Mar 11; 307 (5715): 1625-30.

To also see

  • " the alternative to the estrogene " , the guide of natural hormonal balance, food, oils unsaturated, pills, vaccines, implants, infertility, controversy on the mammography and dangers of the current methods of detection of cancer. Dr. Judi Gerstung and R. Martin, Ed.Exclusif 2006, ISBN 2848910496

  • Barbara Seaman, “ The Greatest Experiment Ever Performed one Women: Exploding the Estrogen Myth ”, Hyperion Near, 2003, hardcover, ISBN 0786868538

See too

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