Estación

The allergy is an abnormal reaction, unsuited, exaggerated and excessive of the Immune system of the organization, consecutive with a contact with a foreign substance (generally) at the organization (the Allergène), which one says “ Antigène ”. They are substances which are usually well tolerated, but considered wrongly as dangereous because of our cells.

The allergy is also called over-sensitiveness .

Over-sensitivenesses are, according to Gell and Coombs, of four types:

  1. immediate: based on the reaction to IgE;
  2. cytotoxic;
  3. with complex immunes;
  4. delayed.

A completely inoffensive substance for some can cause an allergic reaction at a person known as sensitized. Certain consistent réhabituer treatment the organization with the substance are known as of “ Désensibilisation ”

The family predisposition, also called ground “atopic” is a worsening factor.

The branch of the medicine which studies the allergies is the Allergologie. The specialist physicians of this disease are the allergists.

Symptoms

The crisis of allergy

The serious crisis of allergy can be characterized by:

  • the Shock anaphylactic, allergic reaction extreme, brutal, and being able to lead to death.

  • the edema of Quincke, or Angio-edema (synonymous)
  • giddinesses, syncopes, fainding, desire for vomitting
  • swelling of the lips, eyelids, the fingers, itchings in all the body (“ants”)
  • respiratory embarrassment
  • a feeling of faintness
  • of the Urticaria (insect bite, drug, latex…)
  • of the sneeze S: allergic Rhinitis (or “hay cold”)

The allergy, or rather the allergic reaction, thus corresponds to an answer of the immune system and exists in the form of four types:

  • immediate: it depends on the antibodies of the type E (IgE) (urticaria, edema of Quincke);
  • cytotoxic: with the Antibody of the IgG type;
  • with complex immunes: also related to IgG forming of the complex immunes ;
  • delayed: bound to a cellular Ignition, it is the allergy responsible for the Eczéma.

Functionally, when the organization produces an allergic reaction, it releases a substance, the Histamine, person in charge major of the symptoms. The action of the histamine perhaps blocked by specific drugs called “ antihistamines ”.

The food allergy touches approximately 3% of the population, 8% for the children. the principal food allergens are the egg, the Arachide, the rosacée S (plum, Pomme, Cerise, fishing…), the Ombellifères (Parsley, Carrot, Celery, Fennel…), fruits with latex (kiwi, lawyer, Banana…) the seafood (Oyster S), Crustacean S and the Poisson S. There exist cases of allergy to the Lait of cow, in particular in the infants, but intolerance with proteins of milk, more frequent case, is often confused with an allergy. One also finds allergies to the Café and some Food additive.

Causes and treatments of the allergy

The causes of the allergy are badly included/understood, while at the same time it becomes a true social phenomenon.
En 1980, 10% of the population suffered from it, today more than 30%, and certain figures circulate making state of 50% of patients within 10 years in the industrialized countries of the Northern hemisphere.

Cross synergies, allergies and potentiations seem possible, related on the pollution and the use of perfumes, cosmetic, pesticides in the air interiors, etc: nano - or Microparticle S, in particular those of the diesel /Fuel oil, emitted by dirty fuels and a bad combustion and smoke not filtered, would affect the allergenicity of certain grains of pollens but of other studies (Japanese) cancel this point.

The increase in the rates of UV, the polluted urban air (Acid, dessicant and Oxidant) contribute to erode the cuticule pollens of which some then seem to become more allergens, the more so as the pollinating ones (whose bees) not very present downtown carry less pollens than they would do it in nature with equivalent number of flowers).

Épicutanés diagnosis/Tests

The diagnosis by the allergist is the first of the measures to be taken. They are generally painless tests on the arm or in the back, based on the setting in contact with the body of supposed substances allergisantes for the individual. After a few minutes, the immune reaction reveals a mark. The more important this mark is compared to the witness (of histamine), the more the allergy to the substance is important.

Behaviors of avoidance

  • Allergies to the Pollen S: Pollinic calendars, the wearing of a mask anti-pollens, the avoidance of nature in spring, holidays at the good dates and the good places (the wind of sea carts few pollens) contribute to decrease the allergies.
  • Allergies to the Acarina S: flee dust, air your house the evening and the morning, do not use the vacuum cleaner, nor the brush, prefer the floorcloth and the wet rag, give up the fitteds carpet, fabrics, pillows and feather beds in feathers, cuddly toys and rags, use products anti-acarina, prefer altitude beyond 800 Mr.
  • Allergies to the animals with hairs (cats, dogs…), avoid any contact with them and at least once rub them per day with a wet towel.

Treatment

Medicine proposes 4 types of solutions to the allergy:
  • the Antihistaminique S H1 which operate the mechanism of the allergy.
  • symptomatic Treatment: primarily Anti-inflammatory drug S buildings (nasal solution, eye lotion), possibly Corticoid S, Bronchodilatateur in the event of respiratory embarrassment, and in the extreme cases (shock anaphylactic) Adrenalin (available in the form of “pen”, Syringe containing an car-injectable single amount).
  • the Desensitizing which acts on the immune system by inducing a tolerance of the organization with respect to the allergen responsible for the symptoms. This solution, only recognized by WHO like effective cure and durable, offers of excellent results on the long run because this treatment, as its name indicates it, desensitizes the organization and prevents it from reacting. This treatment requires a certain rigueure on behalf of the patient because, in addition to the scéances in the allergist, the ousting of the allergen (removal of the allergen of the environment of the patient) is difficult to implement and request a personal effort. At present, desensitizing is the only curative treatment of the allergy, the treatments do not cease evolving/moving and become more simple for the patient thanks to treatment sublingual (taken direct of the treatment by the patient in liquid form), and according to any probability in the form of seals in a near future.
  • In order to avoid the crises, at present, the only effective exit in many cases: distance of the cats or dogs, change of station in the event of professional allergy, stay in mountain (beyond 800 m of altitude), to air housing well to even put in overpressure housing with a filtered air, to use foam pillows, to regularly change the slips and cloths and to wash them to 60 ° (to even use a cloth covers anti-acarina), to take a shower after an exposure to an allergen etc

Allergy and trace elements

  • Récemment of the international medical publications came to reinforce the interest of the supplementation in Manganèse and Magnésium. deficiencies in these two trace elements being very often met at the allergic ones, their contribution makes it possible to reduce or attenuate the symptoms.

Allergy and cat-like

The Korat is one of the rare cats which do not have under hairs, these small duveteux hairs which hide in general under the longer hairs. This characteristic enables him to be tolerated very well by the allergic people . The observations carried out by private individuals made it possible to note that the individuals usually allergic to the cats suffered less with korats.

Contrary to the generally accepted ideas, the major allergen of the cat does not come or little from the salivary secretions of the animal, but mainly of its skin (sébacées glands). The hairs constitute a passive tank, and it is while being licked that the cat contaminates its saliva. It is supposed that the subjects developing this type of allergy support best the presence of a Sphynx or a korat in their close environment owing to the fact that:

  • Concerning the Sphynx: it does not have hairs.
  • the hairs of the korat “stick to him literally” on the back (it is what gives him this smooth and silky aspect). So its peeling retains very with difficulty dust and the particles allergens.
  • the tropical origin of the korat enables him not to know the phenomenon of the seasonal moults. Thus it does not lose its hairs what prevents the dispersion of the particles allergens.

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