Erwin Schrödinger

Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger , more known under the name of Erwin Schrödinger , born the August 12th 1887 with Vienna, dead the January 4th 1961, is a Austrian Physicien . By imagining the equation of evolution of the Function of wave associated with the state of a particle, it allowed the development of the theoretical Formalisme of the quantum Mécanique. This equation of wave which takes account at the same time of the quantification and nonrelativistic energy was called thereafter equation of Schrödinger (for which it received, in common with Paul Dirac, the Nobel Prize in 1933).

Biography

Born in 1887 in Erdber, Schrödinger is the son of Rudolf Schrödinger (botanist and manufacturer of shrouds) and of Georgine Emilia Brenda (girl of Alexander Bauer, chemistry teacher). His/her father was catholic and his mother Lutheran. He enters in Akademisches Gymnasium in 1898, then studies in Vienna of 1906 to 1910 under the supervision of Franz Serafin Exner (1849 - 1926) and of Friedrich Hasenöhrl (1874 - 1915). He obtains his Doctorat in Theoretical physics, at the University of Vienna in 1910.

Friedrich Hasenöhrl was its professor.

He was also the author of What the life?

In 1914, Erwin Schrödinger obtains a Habilitation then takes part in the effort of war as artillery officer. April 6th 1920, it marries Annemarie Bertel and, the same year, becomes the assistant of max Wien. In September, it is named Ausserordentlicher Professor , then is entirely established ( Ordentlicher Professor ) in 1921, with Breslau (today Wrocław).

In 1922 it attends the university of Zurich. In 1926, Schrödinger publishes an article in the Annales of Physics on the quantization of the problem of the clean vectors, which will become the equation of Schrödinger.

In 1927, it joined max Planck in Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin. In 1933, Schrödinger decides to leave Germany, rejecting the anti-semitism of the Nazis. It enters then to the Université of Oxford, receives its Nobel Prize there, but does not remain there a long time: its private life, not very conventional (he lived with two women) does not achieve the unanimity. In 1934, Schrödinger then gives conferences to the university of Princeton where one proposes a permanent station to him which it declines: again, its will to found a hearth with his wife and her mistress is likely to pose problem. He hopes to integrate the university of Edinburgh but its visa expires; it turns over finally to Austria, at the university of Graz, in 1936.

In 1938, after the occupation of the Austria by Hitler, Schrödinger encounters problems following its departure of Germany in 1933 and with its opposition declared for the Nazism. It publishes a declaration repudiating its opposition (what he will regret thereafter, excusing itself personally near Einstein). That however did not cause to raise its new exemption and the university returns it due to “political unreliability”. It undergoes harassings and receives the instruction not to leave the country, but him and his wife flies away finally for the Italy. From there, it goes in the universities of Oxford and Ghent.

In 1940, it receives an invitation to help it to establish a “Institute for Advanced Studies” with Dublin, in Ireland. He becomes principal of Theoretical physics where it will remain in station during 17 years and will see itself allotting Irish nationality. He publishes about 50 new articles on varied subjects, of which its exploration of the unified theory of the fields.

Paradox of the cat

See also: Cat of Schrödinger

In 1935, Schrödinger imagines the paradox of the cat, which highlights the fracture existing between the world Quantique (where an object can be in several states at the same time) and the world Macroscopique (deterministic).

By extension, it gave a name to a seldom appearing type of bug: the Schrödinbug .

Publications

  • Erwin Schrödinger ; Quantum physics and representation of the world , Collection Point-Sciences, the Threshold (1992), ISBN 2-02-013319-9. French translation of two articles of popularization:

    • the current location in quantum mechanics (1935), article in which appears celebrates it “cat of Schrödinger” for the first time.
    • Science and humanism - the physics of our time (1951).

  • Erwin Schrödinger ; Memories on the wave mechanics , Felix Alcan (Paris, 1933). Republished by Jacques Gabay (1988), ISBN 2-87647-048-9.

  • Walter Moore; Schrödinger - Life & thought , Cambridge University Close (1989), ISBN 0-521-43767-9. The biography of reference of professor Schrödinger.

Related articles

External bonds

Simple: Erwin Schrödinger

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