Ernst Röhm

Ernst Röhm (or Roehm ), born on November 28th 1887 with Munich and cut down on July 1st 1934 with the Prison of Stadelheim to Munich), is a German officer , founder of the Sturmabteilung (SA) Nazis.

Beginning with Hitler

Ernst Röhm, German officer at the time of the First World War, forever accepted the defeat of its country. In 1919, he becomes member of the staff of the Reichswehr in Bavaria, and it is there that he becomes acquainted with Adolf Hitler. This one was charged by the intelligence services with the German army with inquiring into the Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or DAP (Left the German Workers), political small group which had just been founded by a metal worker of Munich, Anton Drexler. Both impressed, they joined this party.

Sections of attack

In 1921, Adolf Hitler évince Anton Drexler and take the head of the Nazi party. It reorganizes it to make a party of mass of it, recruiting executives, repurchasing and animating a weekly magazine, the Völkischer Beobachter. Together, Röhm and Hitler form the sections of attack, the Sturmabteilung or SA, or the “shirts brown”, true militia charged to ensure the order in the meetings and the street.

In November 1923, following the occupation of the the Ruhr by the French and Belgian troops, Adolf Hitler benefits from the agitation of the German people to reverse the government of Bavaria. This coup attempt of State, known under the name of “Putsch of the brewery”, shows a failure and Hitler conduit with being condemned and imprisoned during 13 month. Ernst Röhm is exiled a few years in Bolivia. Homosexual Röhm, , was of this fact even rather badly seen population.

After the electoral success of September 1930, Adolf Hitler recalls it to take again in hand SA. In 1932, the sections of attack count nearly 400.000 men, of which the brutal and often unverifiable methods, have a negative influence on the electoral results.

But Ernst Röhm wishes to push the revolutionary dash even further by absorbing the Reichswehr, and makes SA the armed wing of the socializing wing of the NSDAP. In same time, Hermann Göring (president of the Reichstag) and Heinrich Himmler (chief of the S) worry about the claims of Ernst Röhm and end up convincing Hitler which the chief of SA plots in order to eliminate it. Indeed, as of 1932, Röhm were opposed to Hitler when this one started its bringing together with the mediums of businesses and the preserving forces to arrive at the presidency.

Night of the Long Knives

See also: Night of the Long Knives

Beginning 1934, Adolf Hitler decides to separate from SA and to liquidate them in order to unify the party politically. This is why, in the night of the from June 29th to 30th 1934, called the night of the long knives, it launches the S of Heinrich Himmler, with the support of the army, in an operation of scale; of Berlin to Munich, several hundreds of SA and opponents are stopped or assassinated, Ernst Röhm is carried out, at the same time as 200 other people. When Hitler leaves to seek Röhm to kill it finds it thus that its men in company of homosexual young people. Decree it is locked up in the prison of Munich, a weapon is deposited in its cell so that it commits suicide. Röhm refuses and beseeches that it is left alive, the guards will catch the weapon and will kill it. Officially it was carried out for Homosexualité, but Hitler hides with the German people that these practices were very widespread among dignitaries Nazis and in youths hitlériennes. For the Nazis chiefs this execution proves that Hitler is not simple a Chancelier but which it is Führer and that nobody must put across his way.

References

the night of the long knives , ED. Robert Laffont, by max Gallo
Rohm, the man who invented Hitler , ED. Editions Beech by Jean Mabire

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