Era élisabéthaine
The era élisabéthaine ( Elizabethan will era ) is the period of the Histoire of England associated with the reign of the queen Elisabeth I {{Re}} (1558 - 1603).
Apogee of the English Rebirth, the era élisabéthaine was a golden age artistic and cultural: the literature, the Poetry, the theater (this last known as theater élisabethain ) opened out there under the impulse of William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Jonson. The power and the influence of England in the world continued there, while the Protestant Réforme was anchored deeply in the national heart.
The era élisabethaine is all the more remarkable as it strongly contrasts with the two periods which frame it. It was a short period of civil peace, after difficult the English Réforme and before the bloody conflicts which were going to oppose catholic and Protestant then Parlement and Monarchie to the 17th century. The conflict between catholics and Protestants was suspended, during a time, by the religious Règlement élisabethain, and the Parliament was not yet enough powerful to be opposed to the royal absolutism.
It was also for England one time of prosperity in comparison to the other nations of Europe. The Italian Renaissance was finished, under the weight of the foreign domination in Italy. The France was enlisée in its own wars of religion, which were going to be completed only in 1598 with the Édit of Nantes. Partly for this reason, the reign of Elisabeth saw for the first time since centuries a durable peace between France and England. The only large rival remained the Spain, against which England ran up as well in Europe as in America. These competitions led to the Anglo-Spanish war of 1585 to 1604. The destruction of the Invincible Armada by the English in 1588 the Spanish victory over Drake-Norris forwarding answered in 1589. Some time later, Spain gave its support for the catholics Irish in their fight against England and inflicted a series of defeats to the British forces. This conflict resounds on the English economy which had been restored under the careful direction of Elisabeth. The competition with Spain blocked the English colonization and trade to the signature of the Traité of London in 1604.
Organized around a centralized and effective government, heritage of the reforms of Henri VII and Henri VIII, the country started to profit economically from the transatlantic trade.
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