Equinoctial France
One generally indicates under the name of equinoctial France the attempts at colonization made by the France at the 17th century in South America, in the areas close to the equator. The " term; équinoxiale" was employed because the duration of the days and nights remains there roughly the same one throughout the year.
The equinoctial French history begins in 1612, when a French forwarding starts from Cancale, in Brittany, under the command of Daniel of the Key, lord of Ravardière. With five hundred colonists on his board, it approaches on the northern coast of what is today the state of Maranhão, with the Brésil. Daniel of the Key had discovered this area in 1604, but the death of Henri IV in 1610 had deferred the launching of the project of colonization. With the difference of the France the Antarctic, this colonial company was not justified by the will to escape religious persecutions.
The colonists founded a village, which one called Saint-Louis, in the honor of the king Louis IX; he bears today the name of São Luís in Portuguese, which makes of it the only capital of State of Brazil not be rested by the Portuguese. September 8th, the brothers capuchins which accompanied forwarding celebrated their first mass on the American ground, and the soldiers started to build fortifications of them.
The colony was not to remain a long time. The Portuguese less gathered an army in the State de Pernambuco, which drove out the French colonists in 1615, than four years after their arrival. A few years later, of the Portuguese colonists arrived in great number and São Luís started to grow little by little, with an economy resting on the Plantation S of Canne to sugar.
French merchants and colonists again tried to establish equinoctial France more in north, in what today is the French Guiana, in 1626,1635 (date on which was founded Cayenne) and 1643. A Company of equinoctial France was founded twice, in 1643 and 1645, but without much success. It is only after 1674, when the colony passed under the direct control of the crown of France and that a governor was named, that equinoctial France became a reality.
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