Equestrian Tricholome

The equestrian tricholome , also named tricholome knight , tricholome of the knights , gold coin , Bidaou (of the Gascon bidàu , regional name in the Moors of Gascogne), Canary or Gold coin , is a Champignon Basidiomycète of Tricholomatacée S.

Its qualifier would come from what it was been used for the table of the knight S, contrary with the Bolet of the herdsmen for example. Its other vernacular names refer to its yellow color. It also was called auratum (gilded) and flavovirens (yellow-green) but it is considered today that it is about S distinct.

Description

Hat 5 to 10 cm, convex then spread out, yellow olivâtre with sharp yellow, moucheté of black towards the center. Slightly viscous Cuticule where adhere the vegetable ground and remains.
Blades rather tight, unequal, citrine yellow then sulphurin. Sporées white.
robust Foot , 7 to 10 cm, concolore with the hat.
Flesh rather thick, white, tinted of yellow under the cuticule and in the foot. low Odor and soft savor .

Ecology

It comes under the leafy trees as under conifers, rather in siliceous ground, of the autumn at the winter.

It is easily locatable because it forms a small sandy lump of earth when its “hat” bores the ground, although it manages to practice the imitation by borrowing all the nuances of the sand and the tanning of foams.

Edibility

Edible appreciated (consumed in great quantity in the Moors of Gascogne, in particular in the preparation of the Salmi), it is, like the Tricholome gilded ( tricholoma auratum ), since 2001 classified in the category of toxic mushrooms because of case of poisonings (Rhabdomyolyse), sometimes mortals, intervened after an excessive consumption or repeated (higher than 150 grams, even distributed over several days) (see the list of toxic mushrooms).

Equestrian Tricholome is interdict in France with the sale and the importation by a decree of September 19th, 2005 (Official journal of the 9/21/2005): 12 acute cases of rhabdomyolyses (destruction of the muscular cells), which have occurred in the South-west of France between 1992 and 2000, whose three fatalities were reported . The cases observed were clearly charged to an equestrian excessive consumption of tricholome, the latency time varies from 24 to 72 hours after the last meal. The first signs associate an abnormal muscular fatigability, muscular pains prevailing on the level of the hips and the shoulders as well as sweats without fever. The digestive disorders are minors even absent. The symptoms associated with a consumption with Tricholomes must be the subject of a consultation without delay.

Species close and risk to confusion

As it is about a sought species, one indicates sometimes risks of confusion with Amanite S more or less yellow, citrine even phalloid, or with Cortinaire S such as Cortinarius splendens . One will thus recall that the tricholome knight has neither volva neither ring nor Cortine, not besides for example than the breakable flesh of the Russule S yellows.

To tell the truth, except for complete beginners, it can hardly merge but with others Tricholome S, and in particular:

Tricholoma auratum which is very similar for him, larger, squater and pushing in the sandy pine forests of the Atlantic littoral, in particular in France in the moors;
Tricholoma sulphureum , more hail, with the dry cuticule and releasing an odor of gas;
Tricholoma sejunctum , more greenish Miss of brown.

Sources

Mushrooms of North and the South , volume IX/IX, Andre Marchand (1986) ISBN 2-903940-04-5
Large encyclopedic guide of the mushrooms , Jean-Louis Lamaison and Jean-Marie Polese, Artémis Editions, 1998, ISBN 2-84416-005-0
Dictionary of the French Moor, Editions governmental Loubatières
http://www.sante.gouv.fr/htm/actu/31_051012.htm communicated on the danger presented by the species

See too

Gascon Kitchen
List of toxic mushrooms

External bonds

the equestrian tricholome on Mycorance
Photographs Yves Deneyer (to seek in the index)
Photo Circle of Mons

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