Enguerrand de Marigny

See also: Marigny

Enguerrand de Marigny , born with Lyons-the-Forest in Normandy towards 1260 and dead the April 30th 1315, was Chambellan and Minister for the king Philippe IV Beautiful the.

Born in an old family from small baronnage called “the Gatekeeper”, the family had taken the name of Marigny only about 1200, at the time of the marriage of Hugues the Gatekeeper with Mahaut de Marigny, Enguerrand entered like rider to the service of Hugues III of Bouville, Chambellan and secretary of Philippe the Beautiful one, then was attached as panetier to the house of the queen Jeanne de Navarre, wife of Philippe IV the Beautiful one, who made of him his executor. Enguerrand married the goddaughter of this one, Jeanne of Saint Martin's day. In 1298, it accepted the guard of the castle of Issoudun.

After the death of Pierre Flote and Hugues de Bouville to the Battle of Courtrai in 1302, he became the great chamberlain and principal minister of Philippe the Beautiful one. In 1306, it was sent to chair the Room of the Accounts of Normandy. It accepted from Philippe the Beautiful one of many present and the money but also a pension of Edouard II of England.

Having art to show itself well, intrigant, cultivated and skilful, he was the man whom it was necessary to be used the plans as Philippe the Beautiful one of which it had confidence. He shared hatred that the king in the public opinion attracted itself by devaluating the currency. He was his agent in the conflict which he had with Louis, count de Nevers, wire of Robert III of Flanders, imprisoning Louis and forcing Robert to give up Lille, Douai and Béthune.

He obtained for his brothers of the episcopal sees. In 1301, his/her half-brother, Philippe de Marigny, accepted évêché of Cambric and, in 1309, the archbishop's palace of Direction. His/her brother Jean de Marigny accepted in évêché of Senlis, évêché of Beauvais in 1312 and became archbishop of Rouen, Chancelier of the king de France Philippe VI of Valois. Another of his/her parents, Nicolas de Frauville, was done confessor of the king and cardinal.

The king appointed it guard of the Treasury on which its seizure was ensured as from 1309. Its situation became more delicate when the princes of blood, who made a point of making the war with the Flemings, were disappointed by its peace negotiations in September 1311. It was named the same year Chancelier of France It was shown to have received bribes and Charles de Valois denounced it itself with the king; but Philippe supported it and this attack did not have any result. It harangua the General states of 1314 and even succeeds in making decide an increase in the taxes for the war of Flanders, attracting itself by there a great resentment.

The death of Philippe the Beautiful one, on November 29th, 1314, was the signal of the reaction against its policy. The feudal party, whose king had tried to limit the capacity, was turned over against its ministers and especially against his chamberlain.

Enguerrand was stopped on the order of Louis X, answering at the request of Charles de Valois; one carried on him twenty-eight articles of charge including that to have received bribes. One refused to hear it; but as its accounts were in order, Louis wished to condemn it only to the banishment in the island of Cyprus. Charles de Valois presented a charge of sorcery which was more effective.

Enguerrand was not really defended vis-a-vis a court where the principal indicter was not other than his/her own younger brother, the bishop Jean de Marigny. This treason, according to any probability, made it very bitter.

Although Enguerrand protested vigorously by declaring that in all its acts it had done nothing but obey the orders of Philippe the Beautiful one, it was condemned and hung on April 30th 1315 with the Gibet de Montfaucon. Its body remained exposed with the gibet during two years, until in 1317, when a second lawsuit cleared it. Its remainders were buried in the church of the Carthusian monks of Vauvert, then transferred in 1325 or 1326 in the collegial one from Écouis, which it had done itself to build in 1312-1313, and where one can always admire a remarkable whole of statues that it had commandées.

Louis X let the children take possession of the heritage of their father.

On his bed of death, in 1325, its sworn enemy, Charles de Valois, were taken remorse and ordered that one distributed alms to the poor of Paris in their asking to request for his heart and that of Enguerrand.

He had married twice, initially with Jeanne of Saint Martin's day, of which he had had three children, Louis, Marie and Isabelle (who was to marry Robert, wire of Robert de Tancarville); and second once with Alips of Mons, which was buried with Écouis.

Literature

It is one of the principal characters in the cursed Kings of Maurice Druon.

References

contemporary Chroniclers , volumes XX to XXIII of D. Bouquet, Historians of France
Pierre Clement, Three historical dramas , Paris, 1857
Charles Dufayard, “feudal reaction under wire of Beautiful Philippe”, the Re-examined historical , 1894, T. 54 and 55

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