Energía eléctrica trifásica

The hepatic ( Hepaticophyta or Hepaticae ), or marchantiophytes ( Marchantiophyta ), are the junction of the plants terrestrial Embryophyte S which preserved the most “ancestral” characters.

General characters

One generally subdivides it in three groups:
  1. the Marchantiopsida
  2. the Jungermanniopsida
  3. the Haplomitriopsida
Their Synapomorphie S is: lipidic inclusions: Oléocorp S and the lunearic presence of acid.

The hepatic ones are generally of small sizes and not very spectacular. They colonize moist environments and shaded like the trunks or the branches of the trees, stony mediums or ground close relations of sources, river, ponds.

Marchantiopsida or hepatic with thalli

Group including/understanding approximately 300 species.

Their morphology is of type thalloïde, their face lower is in contact with the substrate and has unicellular structures, the rhizoid ones, enabling them to set substrate. Their growth is dichotome and due to apical cells (there is no Méristème). They do not have a Stomate S but of the permanently open air-conducting pores. These pores emerge in an air-conducting room thus allowing the Respiration and the Photosynthèse. There are no either true conducting fabrics, conduction takes place of cells with cells.

Reproduction:

  • Asexual (majority): vegetative multiplication thanks to Basket with propagules.

  • Sexuée (when the conditions are favorable): appearance of structures which will carry the Archégone S and the Anthéridie S on their lower faces. The Fécondation is zoïdogame. That will emerge with the production of a Embryon then of a very reduced Sporophyte which will resemble the embryo and which will remain fixed at the Gamétophyte. It includes/understands a capsule sporogene where the Méiose will take place. The capsule opens by tearing. The dominant phase is the gametophytic phase (N).

Jungermanniopsida or hepatic with lobes

Group including/understanding approximately 6800 species.

The gamétophyte is a cylindrical axis crawling which carries outgrowths or lobes of several types: dorsal, side, the largest lobe ventral is called amphigastre.

The sporophyte is bulkier, it consists of a hanger: the silk and of a final capsule which opens by 4 valves (Synapomorphie of the group).

See too

External bonds

  • LiToL: Assembling the Liverwort Tree off Life

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