End of the Middle Ages

The fine of the Moyen-âge takes place at the end of the 15th century; several dates symbolic systems were proposed by the historians:

1492 which marks the end of the Spanish Reconquista (with the January 2nd the resumption of Grenade), which sees Christophe Colomb unloading in America the October 12th, and the France and the England to sign the treaty of Étaples - which prepared the Guerres of Italy carried out by France - the November 3rd;
1453, during which Constantinople, old Byzance, capital of the Empire Romain d' Orient, falls to the hands from the Othoman , and which sees the end of the Guerre One hundred Year old, with the French victory over England (Bataille of Castillon).
Towards 1440 takes place the invention of the mobile characters of Gutenberg and towards 1450, the development of the first press.
Towards 1500 takes place the reform of Protestantism led by German Martin Luther then by French Jean Calvin.

Carried fall of Constantinople

Contrary to the ancient End of the world and the Fine of the Early middle ages, the perception of the Fine of the the Middle Ages mark considerably the date of 1453 in historiography, almost as much as the year 476.

With the of Contantinople between the hands of the Othoman Turks falls, it is finished by it last vestige of the Roman empire and Byzantine Empire which succeeded the Roman empire of the East.

The historians go back to this event the end of the called historical long period Moyen-âge. The last scientists and Byzantine artists take refuge in Italy where they will be at the origin of the Renaissance, the Byzantine Art at the time of the Latin interlude continuing with the period known as Pre-Rebirth.

Historical context

With the Eastern fringes of Europe, the large-duke of Moscovie asserts the religious heritage of Byzance and claims to make his capital, Moscow, “third Rome”.

In France, is completed the war One hundred Year old which is the last conflict of the feudal type.

The commercial connections between the Occident and China, which profited from the protection of the Byzantines, stopped. Seeking sea routes, Portuguese bold scans the ocean in search of a sea route of replacement.

The hour of Vasco de Gama and Christophe Colomb approach.

More generally, the Grandes discoveries mark the beginning of what one can already call the Mondialisation (exchange growth between various distant countries, permitted by new inventions and discovered…). The exact limits of the Middle Ages are the subject still of debates between Historien S.

See too

medieval historiography , the category

History of the world > History of ancient Europe

End of the world | Chronology of the Roman Empire of Fine Occident
of the Early middle ages | Chronology of the Fine Early middle ages
of the Middle Ages | the Middle Ages

Constantinople | Byzance
Posterity: historical Rebirth

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