Enamelling of glass

Description of the technique

The enamelling of glass is a technique of decoration or simply of impression (case of the pharmaceutical bulbs, for example) which consists with to paint with the Pinceau, or to apply by Sérigraphie, a reason to a support of Verre with enamels - very fine vitrifiable powders, coloured by Oxyde S - which cook and found at low temperature, thanks to the presence of a fusible base. These glass beads are mixed in paste with a substance Huile uses like the Gum arabic in order to facilitate their manual application to the brush; in the case of production repetitive, one uses various processes like Stencil key set S or Vaporization, which requires a Médium which dries more quickly, containing Cire or of resin. The enamels are more or less thick according to the dilution of the paste. The enamel firing seldom poses problem but it must be controlled well, especially when they are applied to puffed up Verre. It acts in lower part of 600°; after cooking the enamels are transparent or opaque according to the composition of fluxes.

History of the technique

This technique derives from the use of enamels on metals invaluable in art of the Bijou tery. Present in the Roman Empire, it was especially practiced in Syria and Egypt with sometimes of the mythological decorations remarkable. Privileged by Islamic glass as of the 8th century, it will be illustrated in parts expensive and refined with the increasingly complex compositions, containing Fleur S, of arabesque S or Calligraphie S, as in spectacular the Lampe S of Mosquée of the 14th century. She experienced brilliant developments with Venice at the 15th century, as attests some with the Musée of Murano famous “the Coppa Barovier”, part bridal with the worked out figurative decoration, typically Renaissance. In Germany enamelling perdure with the {{XVIe}} and at the 17th century, as well in the glassmaking of prestige, like the imperial or princely solid masses “humpen”, as in the popular glassmaking like the goblets with the naive scenes drawn from Tale S, for example. This tradition, historically resulting from the the Middle East, was given to the honor at the end of the 19th century in France in decorative art by Joseph-Emile Broccard, then by Emile Galle. The Frères Daum also development it in heraldic, landscape or floral decorations.

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