Emile Borel

See also: Borel

Felix Edouard Justin Emile Borel (born with Saint-Africa the January 7th 1871 - died with Paris the February 3rd 1956), Mathematician, professor with the Faculty of Science of Paris, specialist in the theory of the functions and the Probabilities, member of the Academy of Science, was also a politician French, Député, Ministre.

Biography

Emile Borel , born in 1871, is the son of Protestant Pasteur.

Early waked up with mathematics, it astonished its Master, in primary education, while producing the result of the addition of the first hundred numbers, whereas these comrades had hardly arrived at half of the additions. Endowed with intuition, it had simply noted that the sum of the extremes made 101, and that this sum was found then while progressing towards the center, giving, obviously, 50 sums of 101.

Emile Borel was received at the same time first with the Polytechnic school and the Teacher training school, which it chose. He was also received first with the Agrégation of mathematics. Refusing the offers of the industrialists, it was devoted to research.

With Rene Baire and Henri Lebesgue, it was among the pioneers of the theory of measurement and of its application to the Theory of probability. The concept of Tribu borélienne is named in its honor. In one of its books on the probabilities, it presents amusing it Expérience of thought known under the name Paradoxe of the erudite monkey or analogues. It also published a certain number of articles of research on the Game theory as well as a true monument on the play of bridge.

He is president of the mathematical Société of France in 1905.

He obtained the pulpit of Theory of the functions to the Faculty of Science of Paris in 1909, then the pulpit of Probabilities and mathematical physics, succeeding Joseph Boussinesq, in 1921.

He was in addition assistant editor of the National university, of 1910 to 1920.

Volunteer in 1914, it ordered an artillery battery.

Emile Borel had an active political role: Alors on the face and recalled by his/her friend Paul Painlevé, he became general secretary of the Présidence of the Council.

It was radical Député and radical socialist, then independent of left, then finally like republican-Socialist of the Aveyron of 1924 with 1936, and Minister for the Navy in 1925.

Member of the Council of the University since 1920, Emile Borel became vice-president about it.

He was in addition in 1923-1924 president of the Confederation of the professional workers (CTI).

Emile Borel created in 1928, with the financial support of the Rockefeller and the Rothschild, the Mathematical Center which it named Institut Henri-Poincaré (where now the Center Emile Borel is), and that it directed during more than thirty years.

Borel made adopt by the Parliament the institution of the Sou of the laboratories intended to equip them, and taken on the industrial benefit, at the same time as the tax of training.

Emile Borel was member of the Academy of Science, elected in 1921, vice-president in 1933, president of the Academy of Science in 1934.

In 1936, with Jean Perrin and Jean Zay, it took part in the creation of the organization of State of Research, become then CNRS.

It was also “professor extraordinary” with the Université of Rome.

During the Second world war, it was stopped and imprisoned in Fresnes for one month, in 1941, but as soon as released, it took again the fight in the Résistance.

From 1945, Emile Borel is member of the council about the Légion of honor.

He was elected member of the Bureau of longitudes in 1946.

In 1948, he becomes president of the committee of sciences of UNESCO.

He died in Paris in 1956.

His wife, born Marguerite Call, writer known under the name of feather Camille Marbo, had received the Prix Femina in 1913; she was the girl of the mathematician Paul Appell.

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