Elton Mayo

See also: Mayo

Georges Elton Mayo (born the December 26th 1880 with Adelaide, Australia, dead the September 7th 1949) is a psychologist and Australian sociologist at the origin of the movement of the Human relations. He is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the Sociologie of work.

Mayo supplemented the assumption taylorienne which took into account only the techniques and the material conditions of work to improve the productivity, at the price of an insulation of the worker. He studied the impact of the addition of certain advantages for the employees within the framework taylorien (correct wages, work environment, schedules, sense of security on its work place, job security, etc)

From its experiments, he deduced the importance from the psychological climate on the behavior and the performance of the workers.

Among its most famous work: the Experiments of Hawthorne.

Biography

Born in 1880 in Australia, it made studies of medicine to Edinburgh in Scotland, then studied the Psychologie with Adélaïde, in Australia. In 1911, he became professor of philosophy and psychology. It was influenced by work of the French psychologist Pierre Janet, on hysteria and obsession. It began its research in traditional psychology, but was interested already in the problems and consequences of the repetitive tasks in industry, following the massive application of the Taylorisme.

It obtained a first post of professor with Wharton (Philadelphia), then a second at the university of Harvard, of 1926 with 1947. It took part in the creation of the department of industrial psychology and developed its research on the behavior with work. Between 1927 and 1932, it led the very famous investigation to the Usine Western Electric de Cicero ( Hawthorne Works ), close to Chicago, thanks to which it released the first theories founders of the School of the Human relations.

The detail of the conclusions of these experiments was not given by Mayo itself, but by two researchers associated with work, F.G Roethlisberger and W.J. Dickson, in their work Management and the Worker (1939).

On the end of its life, Elton Mayo was devoted more to the fundamental aspects sociological and policy of its experiments. It made the criticism of certain aspects of the Capitalisme and the classical economics.

Works

  • The Human Problems off year Industrialized Civilization (1933)

See too

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