Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon

See also: Elizabeth of the United Kingdom (homonymy)

Elizabeth Angela Marguerite Bowes-Lyon , born the August 4th 1900 with London, deceased the March 30th 2002 with the Castle of Windsor, is a lady of the become British nobility , by marriage, queen of the the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and empress of the the Indies.

She was the 9th child (and 4th girl) of Claude George Bowes-Lyon, then Lord Glamis, later count de Strathmore and of Kinghorne, and his wife, Lady Cecilia Nina Cavendish-Bentinck.

Its birth remains surrounded by a certain mystery, since his/her father declared the birth later only six weeks, claiming at the time it had been born in the family residence of St Paul' S Walden Bury (Hertfordshire), but of many later sources seem to be itself granted on its birth to London, this version not seeming more disputed by whoever.

It passed its childhood and its youth to the castle of Glamis in Scotland.

She married, the April 26th 1923 in the Abbaye of Westminster, prince Albert of Great Britain, duke of York, second wire of the king George V of the United Kingdom.

Of this marriage two children come:

Elizabeth Alexandra Mary (born on April 21st, 1926) (Elisabeth II of the United Kingdom),
Margaret (August 21st, 1930 - February 9th, 2002).

After the death of the king George V the January 20th 1936, then the abdication of his/her oldest son and successor Edouard VIII the December 10th 1936, the duke of York became king of the United Kingdom and emperor of the Indies under the name of George VI. They were crowned the May 12th 1937 in the abbey of Westminster.

In June 1940, it vigorously refused to leave to take refuge in Canada with his/her two daughters while the king would remain in London, as that had been suggested. She preferred inlassablement to inspect the damage made by the German Bombardement, to undergo even the Bombardement Palais of Buckingham the September 13rd 1940, to involve themselves with the shooting with the king in the park of the palate and to show on the occasion with her visitors the revolver whose gift the Prime Minister Winston Churchill had made him. By its valiancy and its determination to support British resistance vis-a-vis Blitz, it represents for Hitler with the beginning of the year 1940 “the most dangerous woman of Europe”. She will encourage the temporary transformation of the family residence of St Paul' S Walden Bury into hospital of countryside, and enrôlement the in March 1945 of her oldest daughter in the auxiliary Service of transport, project which was fought by the king.

The August 15th 1947, after the independence of the India and the Pakistan, the titles of emperor and empress of the Indies were removed.

The February 6th 1952, the king George VI died out continuations of a long illness, his/her oldest daughter becoming the queen Elisabeth II of the United Kingdom.

The Queen Elizabeth, widow of the king George VI, chooses, the shortly after the funeral being unrolled the February 15th 1952, to adopt titulature of “ Her Majesty the Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother ” ( Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother ), whom it will carry during 50 years until her death. The “widowed queens” former carried usually the title of “the Queen Dowager” ( The Queen Dowager ), but the survival of the queen Mary, widow of the king George V, obliged the Crown to find another title for the new queen dowager, and a designation which makes it possible moreover to avoid any confusion with his/her daughter, the new “reigning queen” Elisabeth II.

The general public, familiar of its small silhouette and its eternal hats and veils, quickly called it Queen Mum , shortened affectionate used until in the titles of the press people (and also of the press dustbin ) even in the URL of the banner page of the chapter that CNN devoted to him…

Queen Mum is extinct quietly during its sleep at the 101 years age, the March 30th 2002 with the Château of Windsor, a little less than two months after the disappearance of his/her daughter junior, the princess Margaret, without to have been able to assist with the ceremonies of the jubilee of his/her daughter Elisabeth II, in June 2002.

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