Electronics component

A electronics component is an element intended to be assembled with others in order to carry out one or more functions electronic S. the components form very many types and categories, it answer as well various standard of industry for their electric characteristics as for their geometrical characteristics . Their assembly is defined beforehand by a Schéma of establishment.

Classification

The electronics components can be classified according to various methods:

Active/passive component

An active component is an electronics component which makes it possible to increase the power of a signal (tension, running, or both). The additional power is recovered with through a food. One can quote as a majority of the Semi-conducteur S, one classifies there: Transistor, Integrated circuit.

There exists generally an electric connection interns between two terminals of the component where the current and the tension are of the same sign (directed in the same direction towards the diagram). It is convention generating .

On the contrary a component is known as passive when it does not make it possible to increase the power of a signal. In the majority of the cases it is even a question of reducing the power, often by Joule effect: resistance, Condensing, winds, the passive filter, Transformateur, Diode, as well as the assemblies of these components. Another definition of a component known as " passif" is that he obeys the Loi of Ohm generalized.

In the whole of internal connections the current and the tension are of sign opposite. Convention receiving .

More and more appears component which are Module S or assemblies of active and passive components . One them account either in the credits, or one excludes them from the electronics components (by regarding them as electronic circuits with whole share).

Classification by type of integration

A discrete electronics component is component fulfilling only one simple function. He is opposed to the Integrated circuit which gathers a certain number of active or passive functions in the same case. The need for miniaturization imposed by the electronics industry and progress of the industry of the semiconductors generate the disappearance of the discrete components gradually. Those all the same are still used to carry out rapid prototyping, in education, or the fields claiming of strong tensions/powers (electrotechnical).

Classification by case

Among the components to assemble on Printed circuit, one distinguishes two principal categories: the assembled component surfaces of it, also called CMS or SMD (for Surface-Mount Device ), and the components crossing (or TRAD for Traditional ). The difference is important from the point of view of the manufacture of the PCB (the 2nd category requires the drilling of the PCB and imposes constraints of routing), as of the assembly (the use of components CMS requires different constraints of assembly). A third category, practically disappeared today, is the category of the components with wrapper.

Among these categories appear of many subcategories of cases, that the originator must choose according to various constraints of integration, price, accessibility of the signals, class of manufacture, thermal dissipation…

Scopes of application

One can list the electronics components according to their scope of application of predilection. This classification is given as an indication, because the fields of electronics are in general interdependent

Electronics component

Classification

Active/passive component

Classification by type of integration

Classification by case

Scopes of application

Sensor

Electronic electrical engineering/of power

Analogical electronics

Numerical electronics

Human interface