Leroy Eldridge Cleaver (August 31st 1935 - May 1st 1998) was militant civic rights (which became an important member of the Party Black Panther and an American essay writer.

Born with Wabbaseka, Arkansas, Cleaver quickly moved with its family with Phoenix, Arizona then with Los Angeles. Delinquent teenager, it is condemned in 1957 for hold-up. In prison he wrote to a test Soul one Ice , which will influence the movement Black Power and is regarded today as traditional. Cleaver acknowledges there the rape of several white women whom he asserts like a " act insurrectionnel". He also admits that he began his career like rapist in " involving itself on the black girls in the ghetto." Cleaver is released in 1966 and joined the Black Panther Party, with Oakland in California and becomes about it the Minister for information (spokesperson).

In 1968, he is candidate of the " Peace and Freedom Party " with the Presidency of the United States. This same year, it is wounded in a scuffle between Panthers and the police force of Oakland. Shown attempted murder, he flees in Algérie where he is joined by Timothy Leary. Cleaver places Leary at the " stops révolutionnaires" as counter-revolutionary although Leary is later slackening. Then Cleaver leaves Algeria and spends time to Cuba and in France.

Drunk one Fire

In 1978 Cleaver written to Drunk one fire and reveals several surprising aspects of its exile in Algeria:

• Cleaver regularly received gifts of the Republic of the Northern Vietnam with which the United States was in war.
• Cleaver was followed by several ex-criminals become revolutionists. Several of them hijacked planes to go to Algeria. The Algerians awaited from Cleaver that it supervises them. Cleaver organized a traffic of cars flights to employ them: the cars were flights in Europe then resold in Africa.
• Cleaver fled the Algérie to live clandestinely in France.
• Cleaver made the experiment of a “rebirth with God” during his year of insulation whereas he lived in clandestinity.
• In Drunk person one Fire, Cleaver considers that the Christian religion authorizes a husband to beat his wife to make it obey.

Return in America

Cleaver goes back to the United States in 1975 and subsequently gives up Black Panthers. He is condemned to probation for aggression and the legal proceedings cease.

In 1986, it is presented, without success, with the nomination like candidate of the Republicans of California to the Senate of the United States. Then it is implied in the organization of Sun Myung Moon then with the Mormons.

In the middle of the years 1980, Cleaver became depend on the Cocaïne. In 1992 it was condemned for detention of cocaine and burgling. In 1994, after being almost dead at the time of an aggression related to drug, it succeeds in being detoxicated and turns over to the Christian religion.

Cleaver died of a Cancer of the prostate to Pomona in California in 1998 at the 62 years age; it is buried with the cemetery Mountain View of Altadena in California. His/her daughter is Joju Younghi Cleaver and her son Macio Cleaver.

External bonds

• Obituary of CNN
• Interview with Eldridge Cleaver
• Reason Magazine Interview with Eldridge Cleaver

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