Ego-psychology

It is Heinz Hartmann which introduced for the first time in 1937 this concept which became very conflict between the psychoanalysts, into first exposed to the psychoanalytical Company of Vienna. Its ideas were very quickly adopted with the the United States whereas it is necessary to wait the years 1950 so that they find an echo in Europe.

Ego-psychology according to its partisans

One finds a translation of the work of Heinz Hartmann under the title the psychology of Ego and the problem of the adaptation . The author wants to widen the Psychanalyse freudienne with the whole of the field of the Conscience. He insists on the aconflictuelles functions of the Me and his function of adaptation to reality.

Apart from Hartmann, Ernst Kris and Rudolph Loewenstein are known to have contributed to the construction of the ego-psychology. They have all the three besides writing together a series of studies on this topic. Their theses met to a certain extent the sights of Anna Freud such as they are exposed in its work It Me and its mechanisms of defense .

Ego-psychology according to its adversaries

In France, as of years 1950 of many psychoanalysts were opposed to the ego-psychology. It is all the more surprising which Rudolph Loewenstein has, before its departure for the USA, summer the analyst of much of them, Jacques Lacan enter others! It acted, for much, kleiniens, freudiens and lacaniens to fight a vision of the psychoanalysis which would privilege only one adaptive aiming of the cure.

A different point of view was developed by Carl Gustav Jung as of the years 1910: for him ego must hold together the needs for the two worlds, intern (of the subject) and external (of which the company is only one element). Thus some assimilated, wrongly, its analytical Psychologie with the ego-psychology.

The 3 errors of the ego-psychology according to the American psychoanalyst Anton Kris are:

  • 1) against transfer is seen there only like something of negative,
  • 2) the concept of neutrality is badly included/understood there,
  • 3) it does not have there comprehension of the préoedipien.

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