Egalitarianism
The egalitarianism is a Doctrine Politique preaching the equality Citoyen S out of matter economic Politique, and Social E.
Egalitarianism wants that all the citizens are treated impartialement, without it being taken account of their birth, their relations or of their fortune. In other words, he does not recognize any natural privilege…
Egalitarianism is a form of relationship between the official individual and institutions; form ratio which constitutes the second condition of existence of the Rule of law.
Polemic
Favorable arguments
Egalitarianism is the fact of considering that each human being is equal, that its Race imports, its Religion, its Sexe, its Sexual orientation, etc egalitarianism is the fact of recognizing the differences which exist at the different one without discriminating it for its differences. Thus, each human being must have same the Droit S within the company.The distinctions should be founded only on the social utility (Déclaration of the human rights and the citizen of 1789). For example, elderly of less than 18 or 19, or 21 years do not hold the Right to vote (according to its country of origin).
Egalitarianism authorizes the Discrimination S, since the purpose of they are to avoid the Inégalité S in fact, as it was the case of the law on the parity of 1999 in France.
Unfavourable arguments
For its detractors, egalitarianism is philosophically the refusal of the Altérité, therefore the research of the a , that is to say Unit, denying complexity and contradictions inherent in the Vie. For them, the egalistarism is an attack with the Liberté, by preventing the Man from rising above the mass and going against its natural aspirations of excellence , which would be connected with Individualisme.They see in egalitarianism, a source of levelling by the smallest common factor, which they describe as médiocratie .
Some establish a bringing together between the Dictature S of the 20th century, with their famous images of crowd in Uniforme stressing slogans of unit and egalitarianism.
Egalitarianism and justice
According to this design of justice, the resources should be distributed so that everyone has the same quantity. This design of justice thus denies the subjectivity of the value. It needs to impose a scale of value on everyone. This design of justice is thus primarily materialist and brings back very to arbitrary quantitative measurements. It is the ancient torment of the " reads of Procuste" , of the name of this brigand who shortened the large ones and lengthened the small ones.Egalitarianism tends also to be a relative egalitarianism. It is better that two people do not gain only one of both gains a little more.
Egalitarianism must also specify the temporal aspect. Is the equality of the material resources valid for which periods of time? Just at do the beginning and one let then the distribution of resources be distributed according to the choices made by the individuals (starting gate theory) or have to be imposed constantly? It is in general this last solution which is proposed by the defenders of strict egalitarianism.
This design of justice has many defects:
- it denies the subjective character of the value;
- it is materialist;
- it is arbitrary;
- it reduces the freedom of people since one imposes to them what they can have;
- it does not take into account the merit of people: that which works more does not have inevitably more;
Quotations
- “the Social justice, it is to put all the runners on the same starting line. It should not be confused with the egalitarianism, which consists in declaring that all arrived first. ” Louis Pauwels
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