Effect Novaya Zemlya
The effect Novaya Zemlya is a spectacular example of polar Mirage atmospheric. It is named according to the Russian name of the Nouvelle Zemble, where it for the first time was observed.
The fact thus is named that the Sun can remain visible after its sleeping under the effective line of the horizon. This phenomenon results from a particular profile of the atmospheric Index of refraction: the atmosphere acts in fact like a Guide of wave. Part of the light emitted by the Sun is propagated according to an unusual trajectory and can reach the side of the Earth plunged in the darkness (where it is then observed).
The effect of guide of wave acting on the not very tilted incidental rays, the effect Novaya Zemlya is especially observable with the high latitudes. Thus this phenomenon was observed for the first time on the Arctic island of Nouvelle Zemble (Novaya Zemlya) by the shipwrecked men of the exploration of Willem Barents.
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