Edvard Grieg

Edvard Hagerup Grieg (born the June 15th 1843, with Bergen - deceased the September 4th 1907, also in Bergen) is a Compositeur and Norwegian pianist of the romantic period. He is especially known for his works Concerto for piano in the minor and Peer Gynt , celebrates it incidental music especially made up for the drama of Henrik Ibsen.

Biography

Childhood with Bergen

Wire of the British consul with Bergen, Alexander Grieg, and from Gesine Grieg, Edvard Hagerup Grieg was born the June 15th 1843. Of Scottish ascent by his/her father, it is high in a family of Musicien S; his/her mother, pianist, are its first professor of Piano and initiates it with traditional and romantic, Carl Maria von Weber, Frederic Chopin and Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy mainly.

Departure for the academy

During the summer 1858, Grieg meets the legendary Norwegian violonist Ole Bull, which is a family friend and incidentally the brother-in-law of his mother. Bull notices the talent of the young man then fifteen years old, and persuades his/her parents to send it to the Conservatoire of Leipzig to develop its talents. Starting from the autumn 1858, Grieg thus follows the teaching of the largest Masters to the academy such Carl Reinecke, Ernst Ferdinand Wenzel or Ignaz Moscheles, his/her old friend. It understands much good music there, like the Concerto for piano of Schumann, interpreted by Clara Schumann.

Its years of academy do not leave him very good memories because it finds there teaching deprived of interest. Moreover, it is reached of Pleurésie and suffers all its life from respiratory disorders. In spite of that, four years later, it leaves the institution with solids knowledge of instrumentalist and type-setter. It gives its first concert in 1862, in its birthplace of Bergen.

Departure for Denmark

In 1863, Grieg leaves for Copenhagen, where there remain three years. The precepts of most famous of the academies of the Germany seem to him cumbersome. It meets there the type-setters Danish Johann Peter Emilius Hartmann and Niels Gade, as well as the type-setter of the National anthem Norwegian ( Ja, VI elsker debt landet ), Rikard Nordraak, which becomes for Grieg a friend close and a great source to inspiration. “It fell me from the scales of the eyes”, wrote it later, “It is by Nordraak that I learned how to know the popular songs of North and even my own nature. We entreated ourselves against the effeminate scandinavism of Gade, crossbred of Mendelssohn, and we engaged with enthusiasm in the new way on which walk now the school of North… ”. It indeed gives him the taste of the Norwegian traditional music, itself being impassioned by the history, the legends and the folk melodies of its country. Nordraak dies little of time afterwards; Grieg composes a funeral march then in its honor.

During its stay with the Denmark, Grieg becomes engaged to the professional singer Nina Hagerup, who is not other than her cousin. He marries it in 1867 (marriages between cousins being more current at that time). The following year, they give rise to their single daughter, Alexandra. During the summer 1869, the child falls ill and dies at the eighteen months age. After the death of his daughter, it does not have an other child, being occupied meeting type-setters, in particular Franz Liszt, Richard Wagner, Piotr Ilitch Tchaïkovski and Johannes Brahms.

The first works

It settles in Christiana (Oslo), where it founds the Norwegian Academy of music in 1867. Consequently, Grieg has of cease to know the innumerable authentic melodies only the organist Ludwig Mathias Lindeman patiently had collected and carefully published 1853 with 1867 under the title Aeldre og nyere norske Fjeldmelodier . In same time, it endeavors to find the enjoués rates/rhythms of these ganger , halling and others springar danced by the peasants with the sound of this curious and primitive Viole of love called “hardangfidle”. As it is not surprising as the first vocal and pianistic works of Grieg carry the indelible mark of these discoveries.

While ensuring the direction of the orchestra of the Philharmonic Company of Oslo, whose his/her friend, the Norwegian type-setter Johan Svendsen, will become an eminent chief, Grieg composes abundantly: after the lyric Humoresques and first Parts published in 1867, follow the famous concerto for piano and orchestra n°1, the Norwegian Mélodies and the Scènes of the popular Life.

During the winter 1869 - 1870, Grieg remains with Rome near Franz Liszt which encourages it in the way that it traced and gives to its technique of the piano a new dimension. In 1870, it begins a collaboration with Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson which writes several booklets. As of 1872, it can be devoted definitively to the composition: by serving a solid life annuity to him, the Norwegian state releases it from any obligation, honors it and makes an artistic ambassador implicitly of it.

Glory

From its collaboration with Henrik Ibsen, from Peer Gynt in 1874 is born the incidental music, which is an extraordinary success. A similar attempt with the Sigurd Jorsalfar of Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson leads only to one banal and poor result. Grieg gives up any hope then to carry out this national opera of which he dreamed.

Of 1876 with 1885, it crosses one crisis period. He then prefers to consider the folklore and to be held more close to his area of origin, he sets in 1885 in a small village close to Bergen, Troldhaugen. There, he writes famous a continuation for cords, intended for the commemoration of the bicentenary of died of the poet Ludwig Holberg.

Paris accommodates it between 1889 and 1890, in 1894 then in 1903. Its concerto for piano, which Raoul Pugno plays, and the continuations of Peer Gynt which it directs itself obtain very warm welcome. Everywhere where it passes, in England, Italy, with the Netherlands, in Hungary, Poland or Germany, its rounds are triumphal.

Mined by a pulmonary Tuberculosis, Grieg dies out the September 4th 1907, covered of honors and greeted like one of the large benefactors of this free Norway from now on.

Posterity

Its melody genius, the quality of its pianistic writing, the audacity of its harmonies, which sometimes announce Claude Debussy, and finally its national inspiration make of Grieg, all things considered, a kind of Scandinavian Frederic Chopin .

Principal works

Orchestrates

Piano

  • Ten books of lyric Parts for piano alone: COp 12, COp 38, COp 43, COp 47, COp 54, COp 57, COp 62, COp 65, COp 68, COp 71. Many these parts were orchestrated, like famous Marche of Trolls COp 54 NO3 for example.
  • Concerto for piano in '' the '' minor
  • Norwegian Dances , Sonatas, another parts for piano alone

Chamber music

  • Sonata for violoncello and piano in minor COp 36
  • Three sonatas for violin and piano COp 8, COp 13, COp 45
  • a String quartet in minor ground COp 27

Lyric music

  • 7 Kinderlieder
  • many Melodies on Norwegian and German texts

See too

External bonds

  • the Encyclopedia of the Agora: Complete biography of Edvard Grieg/
  • musicologie.org Biography, catalogs works, bibliography, documents, discography, iconography.
  • Collection Edvard Grieg of the Public library of Bergen.
  • Classic Cat - Grieg - Guide for files mp3
  • the Grieg museum in Bergen

Simple: Edvard Grieg

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