Edsger W. Dijkstra

This page relates to the year 1612 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

August 6th, equinoctial France: at the Brazil, Daniel of the Key, lord of Ravardière, Nicolas de Harley and François de Razilly arrive at the port of Javiré on the island of Maranhão with the French fleet composed of three buildings (the Regent, the Charlotte and the Holy-Anne) and begins construction from a fort, to which they will give the name of Saint-Louis (São Luis), in the honor of the King de France Louis XIII (September 8th). Around this fort will create for itself the town of Saint-Louis de Maranhão (today São Luis C Maranhão, classified on the Liste of the world heritage by UNESCO). The French obtain the alliance of the Indians easily. It must give up the city with the Portuguese of Jerônimo de Albuquerque in 1614 and is imprisoned with Belem, with the Portugal.
October 15th: Samuel de Champlain becomes lieutenant of the viceroy in News-France.

the English invest the Barbados (1612 - 1617).
Button explores the west coast of the Hudson Bay and concludes from it that it is closed in the west.
John Rolfe, engaged couple of Pocahontas, renamed Rébecca, introduced the culture of the Tobacco in Virginia.

Mahmoud Lonko, last pasha of the Sudan named regularly by the sultan of the Morocco, is deposited by the caïd Ali Ben Abdallah. This one is maintained a few years with the capacity, but neither him nor its successors can prevent the decline of the pachalik, where of 1620 with 1750, 155 pashas follow one another the capacity.

May 10th: Khurram, the future Shâh Jahân wife Arjumand Bânu Begam.
29 and November 30th: Battle of Swally; The English put in rout a Portuguese fleet at broad of the Gujerat.

the English Compagnie of the Eastern Indies installs the first commercial counter in India, with Surat.

Jahangir crushes the revolt of the Afghans of the Bengal who adopt the Empire moghol.
Rajah Oedyar founds the kingdom of Mysore.
the Christian missionaries are banished Japan.
the Servage is officially abolished by decree with the Japan. There will remain however.

January 6th: Axel Gustafsson count Oxenstierna (1583 - 1654), becomes chancellor of Sweden. Axel Oxenstierna, advised Gustave II Adolphe of Sweden, will restore the critical situation in which Charles IX had left Sweden.
January 29th: Official announcement of engagement of Louis XIII to Anne of Austria and those of Elisabeth, sister of the king with Philippe, prince of Asturies.
June 13rd: Beginning of the reign of Mathias Ier, Germanic Roman Emperor (fine in 1619). Holding of the Counter-Reformation, it transfers its residence from Prague to Vienna and endeavors to give of the order in Bohemia, country at the edge of the revolt. It benefits from dead from his uncles and cousins to restore a single authority on the territories habsbourgeois.

Nickel silver Klesl, director of the private council of the emperor since 1611, is favorable to the political compromise.

August 22nd: Signature with Madrid of the marriage contract between Louis XIII and Anne of Austria
November 7th: The Senate of Hamburg ratifies the installation of the Portuguese marranes in the city.
December 22nd: First war of the Montferrat between the Savoy and the Spain with died of François IV of Mantoue (fine in 1617).

January: Mutinies in the Polish garrison of Moscow.
March 2nd: The third Dimitri forgery is proclaimed tsar by the cossacks.
April: Popular risings carried out by Minine and Pojarski.
August 18th: Pojarski disperses the bands of the Second forgery Dimitri and besieges Moscow.
November 1st: The Polish garrison, besieged in the the Kremlin, goes. Pojarski installs a provisional government and convenes a Zemski sobor.
the métropolite Cyril de Rostov replaces captive the Hermogène patriarch and chairs the provisional government.

February 24th: The pope Paul V approves the rule of the Congrégation of the Oratory founded by Pierre de Bérulle.
February 1st: Edmond Richer is relieved of its load of syndic of the faculty of theology of Paris. It continues its polemic against Duval.

Dawn with its rising of the shoe-maker Jakob Böhme, in whom he tells his appearances. The book is published under the name of Aurora , condemned by the civil authorities and religious of Görlitz (Saxony). Böhme must be exiled with Dresden. Cleared of the charge of heresy, it returns in Görlitz.
Timothée Ier becomes Patriarche of Constantinople (fine in 1620).
Réunion of the synod of the reformed Churches with Deprived.

May 19th: Draining of the Polder of Beemster to the Netherlands.
December 28th: The astronomical drawings of Galileo show that it observed Neptune whereas it looked at Jupiter.
the German Astronome Simon Marius is the first studied the Galaxie of Andromède.
Kepler becomes mathematician of the States of High-Austria.
Thermoscope of Santorio Santorio.

January 20th: Rodolphe II
February 2nd: Christophorus Clavius (Cristoph Klau), mathematician German Jesuit (° 1537 in Rome)
February 18th: Vincent I {{er}} of Mantoue, noble Italian, duke of Mantoue and Montferrat (° September 21st 1562, 49 years)
April 26th: Claude de Bellièvre, archbishop of Lyon
August 12th: Giovanni Gabrieli (1557 -1612), choirmaster of the Saint-Marc Basilica of Venice
October 7th: Giovanni Battista Guarini, writer and Italian poet (° 1538)
October 26th: Jean Bauhin, Swiss botanist (° 1541)
December 22nd: François IV of Mantoue, noble Italian, duke of Mantoue and Montferrat (° May 7th 1586, 26 years)
September 27th: Piotr Skarga, Polish reforming Jesuit (° 1536)

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