Edouard Ier of Portugal

Edouard Ier ( Duarte I in Portuguese, where the usual equivalent of the first name is Eduardo ), eleventh king ''' of Portugal ''', was born with Viseu the October 31st 1391 and died in Tomar the September 12th 1438. He was the son of Jean I {{er}} of Portugal and Philippa of Lancaster and succeeded his father in 1433. He had the nickname of Eloquent the because of his style in works which he wrote. It was called also the King-Philosopher .

Very early, it accompanied his father in the businesses by the kingdom and was thus a well prepared heir (in 1412, it was associated with the government with his/her father becoming thus its right-hand man). Contrary to his father Jean Ier, he sought the consensus and lasting its court reigns, convened five times the Cortes to discuss the businesses of the State. Edouard continued to support maritime explorations and the conquests in Africa. During his reign, his/her brother Henri inaugurated the school of navigation of Sagres and Gil Eanes exceeded the Cape Bojador.

In 1437, his/her Henri brothers and Ferdinand convainquirent it to attack the Morocco in order to consolidate the Portuguese presence in the north of Africa and to transform it into a base for the exploration of the Atlantic. The idea was not shared by all: Pierre, duke of Coimbra, and Jean, duke of Aveiro were opposite there. The countryside finishes in disaster, with the Portuguese encircled in front of Tangier. To run away itself, the Portuguese promise to deliver Ceuta to the Moors and must leave Ferdinand as an hostage. Prince Henri being opposed to the delivery of the city conquered in 1415, Ferdinand, " Infant Saint" , in captivity with Fès in 1443 died. The king himself died of the plague in 1438.

Separately the policy, Edouard was a man interested by the culture and knowledge. He wrote books of poetry, on hunting and also a political treaty the honest adviser . At the time of its death, it was going to however prepare a revision of the Portuguese civil code, completed during the reign of his son Alphonse V.

Descent

By its wife, the princess Éléonore d' Aragon (1402-1445):

* Jean (1429)

* Philippa (1430-1439)

* Alphonse V, king de Portugal (1432-1481)

* Marie (1432)

* Ferdinand of Portugal (1433-1470), duke of Viseu, (father of Manual I {{er}}, king de Portugal)

* Éléonore of Portugal (1434-1467), married with Frederic III, emperor of the Holy roman Empire

* Edouard (1435)

* Catherine (1436-1463)

* Jeanne of Portugal (1438-1475), married with the king Henri IV of Castille.

(1) Éléonore d' Aragon: girl of Ferdinand I {{er}}, king d' Aragon, and of Éléonore de Castille-Albuquerque. Married on September 22nd, 1428 and died on February 18th, 1445.

Internal bonds

Pierre Ier of Portugal

Jean Ier of Portugal

Sources

the wikipédie in Portuguese language
the encyclopedia Britannica
Books of the History nº 12
Joaquim Ferreira, História of Portugal

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