Edouard Ier of England

Edouard Ier of England (June 17th 1239 - July 7th 1307), was King d' Angleterre of 1272 with 1307. It is known like the conqueror of the Wales and the Scotland.

Wire of the king Henri III of England and Éléonore of Provence, Edouard has more military skill and policy that his father. Untameable warrior, it crushes any opposition to his reign, and leaves several times in Croisade. In England, it is called “ Longshanks ” (“long legs”, because of its size) and “ Hammer off the Scots ” (“the hammer of the Scot”), or Edouard Dryness.

Edouard Ier is invited by noble the Scot, with died of Alexandre III of Scotland, whose death leaves for single heiress her little girl then one year old: Marguerite of Norway - born towards 1280, queen of Scotland of the March 19th 1286 with the September 26th 1290. The young age of the heiress opens the throne of Scotland to regency and, being done, possible internal wars. Edouard thus agrees to maintain the order in Scotland, in the condition that his son, the future Edouard II of England, Margaret wife, and that the young queen is high in England. But Margaret is drowned during the voyage, and the controversy continues.

In the long term, after the capture and the setting with died of William '' Braveheart '' Wallace, Edouard 1st thus obtains the unification of the two kingdoms. This one is of short duration, since his/her son Edouard II must be solved to return his independence to Scotland.

Families and descent

In October 1254, Edouard marries, with the monastery of Mow Huelgas close to Burgos (Spain), Éléonore de Castille (1244 - 1290), girl of Ferdinand III, King de Castille and of Jeanne de Dammartin, countess of Ponthieu, which gives him fifteen children of which four will reach the adulthood:

  • Jeanne d' Acre (1272 - 1307), which marries Gilbert de Gloucester (1243-1295), then, in 1297, Raoul de Gloucester (? - 1323),
  • Marguerite (1275 - 1318), which marries in 1290 Jean II duke of the Brabant (1275-1312),
  • Elisabeth (1282 - 1316), married in 1297 with Jean I {{er}} (1284-1299), count de Hollande, then in 1302 with Humphrey de Bohun, Duc of Gloucester,
  • Edouard (1284 - 1327), first Prince de Galles, future Edouard II of England.

In the Cathedral of Canterbury, Edouard 1st remarie on September 10th, 1299 with Marguerite de France (1282-1318) girl of Philippe III Bold the, king de France, who gives him three children:

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