Edouard Claparède

Edouard Claparède (1873 - 1940) is a Médecin and Psychologue Genevese.

Being interested very early in the Biology and the Zoology, Claparède undertakes studies of Médecine crowned by a Doctorat in 1897. In parallel it is directed towards the Psychologie and becomes in 1904 directing laboratory of psychology to the Faculty of Science of the Université of Geneva where it will occupy the pulpit of psychology until its death.

It walked on at the sides of the Psychanalyse amongst other things by presenting and translating articles of Freud. The historian Mireille Cifali raises perhaps that it was analyzed by Sabina Spielrein.

It creates in 1912 the school of sciences of education (Institut Jean-Jacques Rousseau). Its interests were very diverse during its career. It tackles questions of perception, animal psychology , legal psychology (it studies in detail the mechanisms of testimony), of child psychology , pedagogy (the new Éducation for example), etc Its ideas are marked by the concept of adaptive function resulting from its biological concerns which it applies to the mental life. Being opposed to the theories associationists, Claparède shows that the intelligence is an active function of adaptation to the new situations. Vis-a-vis an unknown situation the subject proceeds to gropings which direct it in the search for assumptions to be checked. André Rey (psychological) was one of its collaborator close relations since 1929.

Claparède is one of both or three psychologists who deeply nourished the psychology of Piaget, in particular by his child psychology and its psychology of the intelligence.

The notoriety of Claparède, as well as the very many exchanges which it had with the psychologists of the whole world, facilitated a quasi immediate recognition Piaget, then very quickly strongly considered in genetic psychology of the intelligence.

The College Claparède, school of teaching post-obligatory of the Canton of Geneva currently bears its name, as well as a place located at Geneva.

Works

  • the association of the ideas (1903)
  • Child psychology and experimental pedagogy (1909)
  • functional education (1931)
  • genesis of the assumption (1933)

External bonds

  • bibliographical Biography and reference to the numerical sources in project VLP of the Institute max Planck of history of sciences

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