Economy of the Ile-de-France

Paris and its area is one of the main motors of the worldwide economy. In 2005 GDP of the Île-de-France calculated by INSEE was of €478,7 billion (US$595,3 billion dollars). > Source INSEE: 448,933 billion €, i.e. 506,7 billion $ US in real foreign exchange rates (at the official rate of OECD for 2003). Although its population makes only the 20th world metropolis of it, the GDP of the Ile-de-France is the fifth of the big cities of the world after the metropolitan surface of Tokyo, the Grand New York, Los Angeles and Osaka, and more or less with equality with London.

With more than 5,3 million employment, whose nearly 84% in the tertiary sector, the Île-de-France is characterized by its dominating place in the nation's economy and by the importance of the tertiary sector. Many national or international groups have to them seat in Ile-de-France and the area accounts for 29% of the rough Added-value country (in 2002). Although carrying out 83% of its added-value in the services, the economy francilienne remains extremely diversified compared to the other towns of its size. Although the area underwent a strong disindustrialization, it remains the first area French Industrie lle. Agriculture, which occupies 45% of the regional territory (48% except Paris), of which the 2/3 are devoted to the Céréale S, is one of most productive of France. The Ile-de-France is also a tourist destination of foreground.

The economy francilienne, an international comparison

The Ile-de-France accounts for approximately 29% of the French GDP, whereas its population accounts for only hardly 18,7% of the French population (census 2004). In 2002, Eurostat evaluated the GDP francilien to 4,5% of the total GDP of the European Union (with 25 members), whereas the area weighs for less than 2,45% of the total of the EU with 25. In Europe, the only metropolis which can be compared with Paris east London. As comparison, Eurostat evaluated the total GDP of the Large London in 2002 to 264 billion euros. The London metropolitan region is however a little broader than large London what distorts a little the comparison (and the figures which one can compose on the occasion give the two metropolises to the elbow-with-elbow). The GDP of these two metropolitan regions largely exceed those of all the other European metropolises, that it is Randstadt- Holland, conurbations the Rhine-Ruhr or Rhine-Hand, Brussels or Berlin.

The economy francilienne by great branches of industry

The economy francilienne is particularly diversified, unlike London (financial markets) or of Los Angeles (cinema industry and entertainment). The industry of tourism, for example (Paris is the first world destination) employs hardly 3,6% of the franciliens in 1999: on many fields, Paris is the first or one of the very first world centers without being completely dependant on any. Moreover, if the economy francilienne is primarily a saving in services, its industrial base remains very important. The Ile-de-France east always one of the principal production centres European, which knew to preserve its competitiveness by increasing always more the share of research in its industrial activity. It does not remain about it less than the Ile-de-France is today especially an area of services of very top-of-the-range, in particular bound for the companies.

Distribution of employment and the added-value by great branches of industry

Industry

Industry employs 650.000 people in Ile-de-France, which makes the first French industrial area of it in front of the Rhone-Alps. But it is at the same time, with only 14% of employment in industry, one of the least industrialized areas France (after Provence-Alp-Coast of Azure, Languedoc-Roussillon and Corsica)) and an area which was strongly désindustrialisée since a score of year.

Aeronautical, space and industries of defense

The sector of aerospace and industries of defense employs 72.000 worker in Ile-de-France (including 36.000 direct uses). Several companies of European importance are present there, in particular EADS, Thalès, Dassault Aviation, Snecma, ESA, Alcatel, Arianespace, etc with production sites, research centres, head offices…

Automobile

The sector of the car in Ile-de-France employs 156.000 worker (including 60.000 direct uses and the balance in subcontracting). The two national manufacturers are present and exploit three factories of production among most important (Renault with the Flins-on-Seine, PSA with Poissy and Aulnay-sous-Bois) and several research centres, whose Technocentre Renault of Guyancourt and centers it PSA of Vélizy). The majority of the equipment suppliers are also established there, in particular (Delphi, Valeo, Faurecia, Johnson Controls Automotive Electronics, Bosch Braking System, Lear Corporation, etc) the research sector in car employs 17.500 people, including 6.600 researchers, in Ile-de-France, that is to say 75% of the potential of the sector in France.

Energy

Since the “discovery” of the radioactivity in Paris, the nuclear power is one of the sectors where research and industry francilienne are at a peak. The group Areva has its head office there. Total, another world leader of the exploitation of energy (not renewable) also has its world seat in Ile-de-France as well as many research laboratories. EDF is also very strongly established in Ile-de-France.

New technologies

Health, medicine and Bio-Tech

More

To discover charts sets of themes on the economy of the Ile-de-France and its dies of excellence (Aeronautical Space Defense, Eco-Activities, Bio-Health, etc):

http://www.econovista.com/ saving in Ile-de-France to the chart

Services

The “services” constitute the major part of francilien employment. At December 31st, 2004, INSEE counts 3.800.000 people working in the services (71% of regional employment) to which it is necessary to add 700.000 people working in the trade (13% of regional employment).

collective Services

With the daily newspaper, it is nearly 1,5 million people who work in the administration, the social action or education. Great groups of collective services (electricity, telephony, water, etc) to public or private capital have their seat in Paris (EDF, Veolia, France Telecom).

Services with the companies

The activities of council are under development very strong and the Paris region counts approximately 500.000 employment in this field. The principal world companies are present in Paris, there having established their European seat or an office. The financial activities (270 000 employment), currently know a very fast reorganization. The Ile-de-France accommodates the seat of world large banks (BNP Paribas, General society, Agricultural credit) and the seat of Euronext. The Bourse de Paris, by its proximity with more than 400 banks and institutions is regarded as being the 4th world Stock Exchange behind Tokyo, New York and London. Moreover Paris accommodates the offices of large banks like Lazard or Goldman Sachs.

Services with the private individuals

Agriculture

Agriculture covers more than 50% of the regional territory, but it occupies only 7.600 farmers (0,5% of the active population). The Seine-et-Marne is the most agricultural department by far: it devotes to agriculture 58% of its territory from which 57% come from the regional production of corn.

The proximity of a market of 11 million consumers, the fertility of the grounds, agricultural technicality, the mechanization of the exploitations, the development of quality, make that the Ile-de-France remains a great agricultural area.

The regional agricultural production covers overall more than 20% of the francilien market needs, which is very important. In addition to the field crops, a regional characteristic is the permanence of the perish-urban specialized productions (plants out of pot, plants with solid masses, pinks cut, plants of seedbeds, vegetables and expenses), although those tend to regress under the pressure of the urbanization, but the Ile-de-France remains one of the first horticultural areas of France. The cereals and peas, among the best outputs of the country, constitute, with sugar beet, the essence of the production. The market gardenings or horticultural occupy 40% of the agricultural active population. The livestock production accounts for only 8% of the value of the francilienne agricultural production.

Agribusiness industry places the Ile-de-France at the first rank of the French areas for its turnover (127 000 MF) and its added-value (23%). It counts 545 productive enterprises (Coca-Cola, LU, Panzani, etc).

Companies established in Ile-de-France

to see dedicated article: Undertaken Ile-de-France

Geography of francilien employment

economic Poles

central pole: Paris

scientific and technical poles regional of global scales: Defense - Plate of Saclay - Roissy

other major regional poles scientific and technical: Market of Rungis - Évry - Marne-the-Valley

Regional organization

to see the Poles of competitiveness

to see the articles on the Paris and its suburbs and the Paris basin

to see the regional framework of SDRIF

Distribution of employment by department

Figures estimative with the December 31st 2001.

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