Economy of Yvelines

The economy of Yvelines is characterized by a strong opposition between the residential areas and industrialized located at the north and the east of the department, and the remainder of the department in very rural and strongly wooded matter (28 % of the territory is covered with Forêt S).

Industry

Industry in Yvelines represents 19 % of the employee jobs and concentrates in three principal sectors which are the Automobile, the Aéronautique and industries related to the defense.

The car strongly marks the activity of the department, of which it represents, with 31 400 paid, 30 % of the industrial employment, and 10 % of the uses of the sector to the national plan. One can quote the production sites Renault with the Flins-on-Seine, PSA with Poissy, Citroen with Vélizy-Villacoublay and finally the research center of the Technocentre Renault with Guyancourt which only has accommodates him 12.000 employment.

Then the advanced technology industries related to aeronautics (17 come; 000 direct uses), with defense and telecommunications, with in particular of large establishment such as Dassault Electronics, Alcatel fiberoptic, Bouygues Telecom, Sun Microsystems… the companies of the sector of the electronics components employ 30 000 paid.

The sectors of bio-industry and health represent close to 37 000 employment.

However, the majority of the establishments, moreover small size, are in the more traditional sectors of the edition and the Imprimerie, of the mechanical engineering industries, electrical equipment and electronic, and the Métallurgie.

On the geographical level, the industrial activity concentrates in four pôles :

the valley of the the Seine - upstream, of the Career-on-Seine to Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer, urbanized uninterrupted, accommodates varied activities, traditional mechanics with the advanced technology industry, in particular with Thalès with Sartrouville,
the valley of the Seine-downstream, Conflans-Holy-Honorine with the Bonnières-on-Seine while passing by Poissy, Mureaux, and Mantes-the-Pretty, sector in the past industrialized, with very large establishments (Renault with the Flins-on-Seine, PSA in Poissy, EADS with the Mureaux, EDF with the Centrale thermics of Porcheville,
the area of Versailles - Vélizy-Villacoublay, marked by a strong tertiary sector (Data-processing, Telecommunications, design, research…).
the new City of Saint-Quentin-in-Yvelines, with large industrial plant; Bouygues and in particular in the techniques of pointe : Dassault Electronics, Thalès Optronique, Automobile Matra.

Teaching and research

The sector of higher education and research is based on old establishments, like the École of the high commercial studies with Jouy-in-Josas, the agronomic National institute Paris-Oil cake (Thiverval-Oil cake), and was reinforced with the creation of the young person Université of Versailles-Saint-Quentin-in-Yvelines in 1991.

The presence of antenna of the CNAM (Arts & Trades, public corporation of the State in scientific, cultural and professional matter, equipped with the statute of “great establishment”) in Versailles and Mantes-Pretty.

The research center public (INRA in Versailles and Grignon, INRIA in Guyancourt), and private employ more 8 000 researchers in the department.

To note the presence of four international colleges:

international College of Saint-Germain-in-Bush hammer,
College free-Japanese of Montigny-le-Bretonneux,
Franco-British College of the Croissy-on-Seine,
Franco-German College of Buc. ⁹

Agriculture

The agriculture of Yvelines is primarily directed towards the field crop of the Céréale S. It occupies approximately 43% of the territory of the department, that is to say 91 000 hectares and includes/understands 1 270 exploitations (figures 2000).

The recent evolution is marked by a strong reduction in the number of exploitations, and correlatively by a strong increase in their size, which doubled in 20 years and reached 71 ha on average. This reduction is strongest for the specialized exploitations (Maraîchage, Horticulture, Floriculture, Arboriculture).

The agricultural active population is reduced: approximately 2000 managers and their families, and approximately 1000 employees permanent, is on the whole a little less 0,5 % of the active popultion.

Employment

The full number of employment in Yvelines is estimated at approximately 546.000 (figure 2002), that is to say 10,1 % of the total of the Ile-de-France and 2,2 % of the national total. It acts for 94,4 % of employee jobs.

The distribution of employment by economic sector is the suivante :

tertiary: 74%,
industry: 20,3%,
agriculture, sylviculture: 1,6%.

The Active population, which represents 48,5 % of the population of the department, rises with 657 000 people, is 12 % of the total of the Ile-de-France. A certain number of people have their employment in the department neighbors, in particular Hauts-de-Seine and Paris.

The executives and higher intellectual professions represent 23 % of the total. 42 % of the executives only have an employment in the department (against 61 % on average on the whole of the active population).

Unemployment rate was established in 2003 with 7,2 % (lower than the average rate of the Ile-de-France, 9,5 %, and with national average rate, 9,5 %, at the same date).

Taxation

The rates of the principal local taxes are established thus in 2004 :

Real estate tax on the built properties: 4,6%,
Tax of dwelling: 4,8%,
Professional tax (undertaken): 4,53%.

Yvelines are the department whose local tax system is weakest of France.

Infrastructures

Yvelines count 6.000 kilometers of roads including 280 kilometers of highways and trunk roads, 1.500 kilometers of secondary roads and 4.200 kilometers of communal ways.

Notes, sources and references

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