Ecological refugee

The ecological taken refuge (or écoréfugiés or taken refuge climatic ) are people who are obliged to move because of climatic or geographical modifications of their area. The term of refugee is used by extension, even if, in right, it should be hold with the people who obtain the statute of Réfugié according to the Geneva Convention. The number of écoréfugiés is in constant increase. These shifts in population are in particular due to the rise of water of the oceans, with advanced Désert S, with the draining of lakes…

Description

The United Nations evaluate to 50 million the number of inhabitants who could be constrained to leave their place of life because of the consequences of the climate change (projection of the Gobi Desert in China, floods in Bangladesh and in the delta of the Nile, immersion of archipelagoes like the Tuvalu islands). By the end of the century, the number of the climatic refugees could be carried to 150 million. UNO calls with the recognition of a legal status, on the same mode as the political refugees.

The term “taken refuge climatic” was used for the first time by the photographers and journalists of the Collectif ARGOS, based in Paris, who had begun their investigations on this subject in 2002.

Rise of water

Oceania

The inhabitants prove to be the first écoréfugiés because of rise of the Sea level allotted to the Climate warming: ten families were taken of load by the government of New Guinea-News-Guinea as from 2005.

The inhabitants of Tuvalu try since 2001 to negotiate with the New Zealand government their reception.

Europe

Eminently concerned by the subject since the installation of the dams, of the Netherlanders invested recently in technologies allowing to make floating their houses, in order to avoid belonging to the climatic refugees.

Advanced deserts

Already in years 1983-1984 of the stockbreeders Peuls of the Mali and the Burkina Faso took refuge with the Ghana because of the dryness and advanced desert in their country. The phenomenon was repeated in the following years. In 1992-93 of the Mozambican farmers flee towards the Zambia, and of the Soninké of the area of Kayes to the Mali.

Draining of lakes

Legal aspects

To date, there does not exist statute defined juridically for the ecological refugees in the International law on which this new category of refugees imposes new challenges.

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