Dysarthrie

The Dysarthrie (of the Nouveau Latin Dys- , prefix which means “loss” + Greek - arthro , junction) is a disorder of the articulation of the word, of central origin (it is the Nervous system which is injured).

Neurological recalls

The muscles which order the movements necessary to the oral language are inervés by the nerves facial, vague, hypoglosse, spinal and glosso-pharyngien, which have all, put aside the facial nerve, a fastener on the level of the medulla. The nervous orders come from various zones of the Cortex via two Neuron S to the muscles, while passing by the bulb. A lesion of one of these two neurons can lead to a dysarthrie, whether the attack is paralytic or a dysfunction of the motility.

Symptoms

The subjects reached of dysarthrie present the Symptôme S following:

difficulties of articulation;
the flow is faded, the rate/rhythm is saccadic.
deterioration attends voice: squeaking, deafened
constancy of the disorders, which are relatively regular (with the difference of the anarthrie, marked by a greater diversity of the productions)
not of dissociation automatico-volunteer (with the difference of the anarthrie and dyspraxie)
within the framework of disorders carrying on the motor activities in general (with the difference of the anarthrie, in which the disorders are limited to the bucco-phonatory bodies)

Causes of pathology

As mentioned above, the causes are nervous lesions of the central Nervous system. It is here about a neurological attack concerning the driving execution, unlike the dyspraxie which touches the driving programming. Among known pathologies being able to involve a dysarthrie, let us quote in particular:

the Parkinson's disease, who, in addition to the symptoms quoted previously, will confer on the subject an acuter and weaker voice, a monotonous tone, a faster flow as well as a rare and sometimes blocked conversation. We will be able especially to notice the laryngés problems that this disease involves, like the difficulties of Adduction of the vocal cords and of maintenance of this adduction;
the general Paralysis. This late neurological complication of the Syphilis will tend to generate a progressive dysarthrie. The first stages reveal obstacles, and omissions and other small disorders, for then evolving to large difficulties of articulation, scrambled words;
the Multiple sclerosis. The particular symptoms are the deceleration of the word, a monotony of the voice, the stamp losing in richness.

All these pathologies are diseases which touch mainly the adult.

See too

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