Duchy of the Brabant

History

Birth and extension

The duchy of the Brabant has a birth and a history complexes:

In the neighborhoods of the year millet, the counts of Leuwen obtain the county close to Brussels (between the Senne and the Dyle) and the avouery on the Abbaye of Gembloux.
Between 1085/1086, the count Henri III of Leuwen receives the county of the Brabant of the emperor of the Saint Worsens Romain Germanique Henri IV. This imperial stronghold (located between the Dendre and the Seine) enables him to carry the title of Landgrave of the Brabant. This county is high in duchy into 1183/1184 in favor of Henri Ier of the Brabant, first duke of the Brabant.
In 1106, Godefroid I {{er}}, landgrave of the Brabant and count de Louvain and Brussels, was named duke of Low-Lotharingie by the King of the Romans Henri V. Consequently occasion, it had obtained the Marquisat of Antwerp and other ducal strongholds.
the September 23rd 1190, with the diet of Schwäbisch Hall, a few days after the death of Godefroid III of Leuwen, the title of duke of Low-Lotharingie loses his territorial authority apart from the grounds of the counts de Louvain. At the same time, his/her son Henri Ier of the Brabant, already duke of the Brabant, receives the ducal capacity in his own territories and the honorary title of duke of Lothier. He followed an open conflict with the counts of the Hainaut and Namur (become marquis of the Holy roman Empire in 1190), known under the name of Guerres of Lembeek in which each one tried to include territories with the other. A peace treaty was finally signed in 1194, definitively fixing the borders between the Brabant and Hainaut.
Thereafter, the duchy will still extend towards the east, and, after its victory with Worringen in 1288, will form with the Duché of Limbourg an alliance which will last nearly five centuries. Become rich and powerful, the duchy of the Brabant can also free from the Germanic Roman Empire. Economically, the duchy will play a good match with its neighbor, the Comté of Flanders.
In 1312, the duke Jean II of the Brabant gives a constitution to the duchy by signing the Charte of Kortenberg, which was supplemented thereafter in 1356 by the act of Joyeuse Entry.

In the duchy of the Brabant there was seven (7) cities: Antwerp, Wood-the-Duke, Brussels, Léau, Leuwen, Bubbles and Tirlemont.

Burgundian domination

In 1430, after the death of Philippe of Saint-pol. and that of his/her brother Jean IV of the Brabant (known also under the name of Jean of Burgundy) three years before leaves the house of the Brabant without heirs, this one passes under Burgundian domination and will end up being integrated into the 17 provinces of Charles Quint, and thereafter into the Spanish Netherlands. It is about a confederation whose members keep a broad autonomy, and whose Brabant and Flanders are the key areas.

So initially the Brabant will make secession to form the United Provinces with the provinces of the north of the Netherlands, it will be finally cut into two at the conclusion of the Guerre the eighty year old. Its septentrional part will form part of the United Provinces definitively, like Pays of the General information, while the southern part will remain with the hands of the catholic Spain, preserving a relative autonomy. The Netherlands of the south pass then to the hands of Austria. In 1789, the Brabant revolts against the political reforms and nuns of Joseph II during the Révolution brabançonne. The provinces close to the Austrian Netherlands follow, forming the plain States Belgium, but those quickly will be reconquered by the Empire, then annexed by the France in 1795.

Progressive cutting

What remains of the Brabant is then divided between two departments, that of the Dyle in the south, around Brussels and that of the Deux-Nèthes in north, around Antwerp. Into 1815, these two departments will be transformed into provinces of the kingdom of the Netherlands following the defeat of Napoleon to Waterloo, and will form finally the provinces of the Brabant and Antwerp to the creation of the Belgian State in 1830. The province of the Brabant itself was still cut into two in 1995 between the Brabant-Fleming and the Brabant-Walloon, while Brussels was extracted from it to form an autonomous region.

List dukes of the Brabant

See List of the dukes of the Brabant .

External bonds

the duchy of the Brabant and the seigniory Malignant (Belgian federal gate)

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