Duchy of Naxos

The Duché of Naxos is one of the founded cross States after the Fourth crusade.

History

In 1207, Marco Sanudo, noble Venetian nephew of the doge Enrico Dandolo, assembles a forwarding against the island of Naxos. This company is not recognized by the Latin emperor of Constantinople, Henri de Hainaut, but profits from the support of the commune of Venice. It definitively makes sure of the island in 1210 and launches out to the conquest of the Cyclades. It takes then the title of Duc of Naxos or Duc of the Archipelago .

The Duchy thus formed is vassal of the Emperor of Constantinople, but is used especially for the Venetian interests. The maintenance of trade route towards Dardanelles is indeed paramount for the commercial city. So the Latin establishment with Naxos remains very weak, only the noble class was renewed. After the reconquest of Constantinople by the Byzantines, the Duchy is placed in the vassalage of the Principauté of Achaïe, which does not prevent the Greeks from conquering part of its islands at the end of the 13th century.

In 1383 the dynasty of Sanudo is reversed and yields the place to that of Crispo. The Othoman conquest of Greece makes of it the last Latin State in the East. In 1418 the Duke recognizes like suzerain the seigniory of Venice, which directs de facto the Duchy. In 1566 the last Duke Jacopo IV Crispio is deposited by the Sultan Selim II which installs in its place a Marrane Portuguese, Joseph Nasi. Some islands of the Duchy remained Venetian until the beginning of the 18th century.

Dukes of Naxos

Family Sanudo The sources miss precision concerning the dates then:
  • Guillaume (1303-1323)
  • Giovanni (1341-1361)
  • Fiorenza (1361-1371)
  • Niccolo (1364-1371)
  • Niccolo III paves Carceri (1371-1383)

Family Crispo

  • Francesco I Crispo (1383-1397)
  • Giacomo I (1397-1418)
  • Giovanni II (1419-1437)
  • Giacomo II (1437-1447)
  • Gian Giacomo (1447-1453)
  • Guglielmo II (1453-1463)
  • Francesco II (1463)
  • Giacomo III (1463-1480)
  • Giovanni III (1480-1494)
  • Francesco III Crispo (1500-1511)
  • Giovanni IV (1517-1564)
  • Giacomo IV (1564-1566)

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