Dissonance

In Music, the dissonance - antonym: consonance - indicates the discordance of a whole of sounds - agreement or interval - producing an impression of instability and tension, and requiring a resolution. The impression of dissonance varies according to the adopted musical system, the cultural current, the time, the individuals, etc

  • Within the framework of the tonal System and the traditional harmony, the word dissonance indicates at the same time an interval and a note. One understands indeed by dissonance, on the one hand the “dissonant harmonic interval” placed on the fundamental of a agreement, on the other hand, and more precisely, the “dissonant note”, which, with this fundamental, form the dissonant interval in question. Any dissonant note must be regarded as a gravitational note , making consequently integral part of a melody Mouvement obliged.

Dissonant harmonic intervals

The intervals harmonic following are classically considered as dissonances.

  • the second major or minor, and its redoublings.

  • the seventh major or minor, and its redoublings.

  • All interval increased or decreased.

Constitutive Dissonance and dissonance momentary

From the point of view of the melody Movement, a dissonance is always a gravitational note. There exist two kinds of dissonances, the constitutive dissonances and the momentary dissonances .

  • a constitutive dissonance is a real Note - mainly, fifth, decreased or increased, seventh and ninth - forming a dissonance with the fundamental one of a agreement classified. In this case, the tension - of harmonic origin, since it is the dissonant interval which transforms a ordinary degree into a gravitational note - is extremely powerful.

the constitutive dissonances are studied at the same time as the realization of the agreements to which they belong. For more details, to consult the articles Agreement of four notes, Agreement of five notes and Inflected chord.

  • a momentary dissonance is a foreign Note with the constitution of an agreement, which, during part of the duration of this one, is added or replaces one or the other of its real notes. The tension in this case, is generally less than that of the constitutive dissonances.

the momentary dissonances are studied at the same time as the realization of the foreign notes to which they belong. For more details, to consult the articles Delay (music), Appoggiatura (foreign note), Embroidery (music), Passing note, Anticipation (music) and Escaped (music).

One will note that in the melody mode minor, the Life ascending degree and VIIe degree going down is examples of gravitational notes of melody origin : in the ascending melody minor, the Life faded degree must assemble to the sensitive , while in the melody minor going down, VIIe degree - the Sous-tonique - must go down to the Life. These notes are generally employed like appoggiatura, passing notes or embroidery.

Preparation and resolution of a dissonance

The harmonic Mouvement consists of an alternation of moments of tension and moments of relaxation, each moment of tension calling its own moment of relaxation.

  • the preparation is the way of bringing a dissonance - introduction of the tension.

  • the resolution is generally the transformation of this dissonance - return to the relaxation - into a news consonance.

Examples

See too

Internal bonds

Sources

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