Disease of Scheuermann

The Maladie of Scheuermann is rachidian dystrophy appearing during the growth and causing a painful Cyphose dorsal.

Many other names were used: youthful kyphosis, épiphysite vertebral of growth, ostéochondrose youthful vertebral, painful kyphosis of the teenagers…

The disease of Scheuermann holds its name of its discoverer, Olgar Scheuermann, doctor Danish radiologist who described into 1921 the lesions characteristic of the kyphosis of the clock making apprentices.

Private clinic

The frequency of this disease is high, from 0.5 to 10% according to selected the diagnoses criteria.

It occurs during the puberty phase of growth of the rachis, between 13 and 17 years, mainly at the boy.

The intensive sport is a factor of aggravation.

  • Souvent the disease is asymptomatic and of fortuitous discovery on the radiologies standards carried out for another reason.

  • Habituellement the symptoms prevail on the dorsal rachis low with mechanical pains, an average thoracic kyphosis generally and thoraco-lumbar more rarely, a thoraco-lumbar scoliosis is sometimes associated. The neurological signs are rare.

Radiograph

Realization of:
  • stereotyped profile of the whole of the rachis in position upright and laid down
  • stereotyped profile of the dorsal rachis centered on D7-D10
  • stereotyped of face of the rachis to seek a possible associated scoliosis.

Results:

  • Prevalence of the lesions between the Vertebra S D7 and D10,
  • Kyphosis with large ray,
  • wedge-shaped Aspect (deformation in corner of the vertebral body) of the vertebrae located at the top of kyphosis,
  • irregular and laminated vertebral Plates,
  • Possible intra-spongy or retro-marginal hernias former,
  • Possible compressing of the intervertebral discs.

The diagnosis of the traditional form is carried in front of the radiological description of a cuneiformisation of 5 degrees or more at least three adjacent vertebrae located at the apex of kyphosis.

Differential diagnosis

  • Spondylodiscite S infectious,

  • primitive congenital Kyphosis or secondary with a tumor,
  • progressive noninfectious former fusion vertebral (described by Knutson in 1949)

Treatment

  • temporary Stop of the sport other than swimming,
  • Kinésithérapie activates,
  • Pas wearing of heavy loads,
  • Antalgique S simple in the event of pain,
  • orthopedic Traitement with type of corset plasters in the severe forms and when the growth is not finished
  • the surgery is only exceptionally necessary

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