Direction of the monitoring of the territory

See also: DST (homonymy)

The Direction of the monitoring of the territory ( DST ) is a Intelligence service ministry for the Interior historically charged with the Against-espionage in France. This last competence is not any more the only one which is reserved for DST; since the disappearance of the Soviet block, are added to it the fight anti-terrorist, the fight against the proliferation (sensitive materials or soldiers) and the protection of the economic and scientific inheritance French. This last speciality raises of the economic Intelligence. It is member of the French Communauté of information. It undoubtedly constitutes the least visible structure and one of most discrete of the National police force. It is that its mission of civil and military against-espionage does not relate to the general public and requires a particular confidentiality. The identity of the personnel as well as the nature of the operations in which they take part concern besides the Secrecy-Defense and the Confidentiel Defense.

According to a bill currently presented by the government, DST will be amalgamated with the Central management of the General informations, under the new name: Central management of the interior information (DCRI).

History of DST

The Monitoring of the Territory (ST) is a police service created in 1934 by the government of Gaston Doumergue and reinforced in 1937 by the Popular front. It allowed the arrest of many German spies during the Second world war. Several of its members will join the Résistance besides.

DST succeeds ST by an ordinance of the November 16th 1944, signed Général de Gaulle and relating to the organization of the ministry for the Interior, which a decree of the November 22nd 1944 supplemented. She is entrusted to Roger Wybot, which had directed to London, as from December 1941, the section of against-espionage of the central Bureau of information and action (BCRA).

The de Gaulle General establishes DST this same year, fixing his internal attributions and his structures. According to Philippe Bernert, the creation of the direction marked a small revolution because, for the first time in France, against-espionage escaped control from the army. Roger Wybot took care to ensure a total independence to him and stressed the exploitation of the information which he entrusted to a service documentation created with his initiative.

The task reserved for the " documentalistes" of this new service and intern in DST mainly consisted in exploiting the information transmitted by the agents of ground and updating a name file. It returned to them moreover to identify by stepping the foreign residents suspectés to devote themselves to activities of espionage and terrorism like, in the event of arrest of a suspect, to prepare the diagrams of interrogations.

Major successes of DST are the exploitation of Farewell (cf will infra) and the arrest of the international terrorist Ilich Ramírez Sánchez known as Carlos.

“Businesses”

Business of connected Duck

The December 3rd 1973, of the agents of DST, disguised as plumbers, were surprised installing a micro spy in the offices of the newspaper the Duck connected . This scandal involved the resignation of the Minister of Interior Department Raymond Marcellin.

Farewell business

Who was Farewell? One generally presents Vladimir Ippolitovitch Vetrov like an endowed student, attending the sports halls assiduously and moreover attentive father. All these qualities pointed out it by the sergeants recruiters of the KGB who regularly foamed the Muscovite campuses in the search of new talents. Having integrated the rows of the principal power station of Soviet espionage, its career first of all saw it operating in France where it was shown with its advantage. It remained then with the Canada before being seen allotting a post of analyst to Moscow, assignment which it felt like a disavowal. It conceived of it a certain rancour which overflowed as well in its professional life as in its personal life: at one time highly skilled officer of information, it ends up doubting all, including itself. The continuation was thus summarized by Serguei Kostine: Vladimir Ippolitovitch Vetrov decides to make the jump: in spring 1980, he contacts French against-espionage, DST. The adventure starts. Vetrov became Farewell. It seems that, upon the departure, the Soviet intended to act in the duration, it was thus worried in priority of its personal safety and holding the Western services of external espionage like all penetrated by the KGB, it avoided them carefully. Moreover having resided in the French capital, he knew the methods of DST well. Finally Vetrov had been in relation to a French answering in the name of Jacques Prévost which ensured the follow-up of the contracts signed by Thomson-CSF in Soviet Union in particular in the field of telecommunications. Contradicting the remarks made by Marcel Country cottage, DST proved tetanized by the fear of the operations of handling in the implementation of which the Soviets had become Masters. However, and on the insistence of the officer of the KGB, the French service asked a commercial framework of a large company to agree to play Trojan horse. What delivered Vladimir Ippolitovitch Vetrov to the spy of meeting completed to convince the really good sleuths of against-espionage: it was of information of very first order. At the point, a few months later, to have inspired with Ronald Reagan this judgment as dithyrambic as concise: “it is one of the greatest businesses of espionage of the 20th century”.

Indeed the assessment appears exceptional: according to Marcel Country cottage, Vladimir Ippolitovitch Vetrov says Farewell gave 2997 pages of documents exactly emanating for the majority of the KGB, the major part of his documents is struck seal indicating the maximum level of classification, Farewell also gave to DST the list approximately 250 names of members of line X of the KGB i.e. the officers of information charged to collect the scientific and technical information throughout the world, and 170 agents of the KGB pertaining to other directions of the KGB and GRU. April 5th, 1983 France required of 47 Soviets to leave the territory, on this total 40 were invested diplomatic functions, two exerted the journalistic profession and five officiated in various commercial organizations.

Missions

Currently, the great missions of DST are interior against-espionage, the protection of the industrial, scientific and technological inheritance as well as the fight against interior terrorism. DST is articulated around four great divisions:
  • Division of the monitoring of the Muslim world and counter-terrorism
  • Division safety, Protection of the inheritance and proliferation
  • Division interior against-espionage
  • Division of the engineering services and the Data-processing

The traditional bonds that France maintains with the Africa, the the Middle East and the the Middle East contributed to do of DST one of the Western intelligence services most powerful as regards radical islamist counter-terrorism.

DST ensures of the missions referring to defense, directed on research, the prevention and the fight against all the activities inspired or supported by foreign powers and likely to threaten safety and sovereignty of the country and its inheritance on all the levels. It is organized in central services (national competence) and territorial services. It also maintains the antennas in certain foreign countries.

DST with charges the police force with it with the communications radio PCR, i.e. the search for clandestine transmitters thanks to stations of listening. A national plan of the frequencies is programmed on a computer, and any not indexed emission causes a state of alert thus. Is then carried out to the recording of the contents of the emission then to its localization.

DST from its attributions is charged to protect the French companies against economic, scientific and industrial espionage. These cases of espionage developed considerably during the last years, they constitute from now on 60% of the detected cases, against 40% for political, diplomatic espionage and of defense.

A big number of French companies are the subject of espionage on behalf of foreign powers.

Localization and manpower

The seat of DST is in Paris with 84, rue de Villiers in Levallois-Perret. The exact organization of Management as well as the identity of the agents which work there are covered by the secret defense (opinion of the Council of State of July 19th and of August 29th, 1974). Its manpower are of 1419 civils servant at January 1st, 2000. But since the September 11th, 2001, its manpower and its means special and technical in the fight anti-terrorist increased to a significant degree.

According to a communication in the Council of Ministers of June 20th, 2007 on “the general review of the public policies”, “the fusion of the intelligence services” belongs to the priority building sites fixed by the Prime Minister.

Organization

DST depends on the Prime Minister, via the Minister of Interior Department, but also the Head office of the national police force (DGPN).

Services

Among the other central services, one finds a service of documentation and exploitation which ensures the centralization of all the information collected by the civils servant of the service and which profits from sections specialized in province. The goal of this service is to ensure a total control of the documents related on the advisers and the agents (simple or double), since their recruitment until the suspension of their relationship with the service.

With regard to the activities in the field of data processing, DST also created a department of the computing systems in 1986.

The June 27th, 1975, division Moyen the East of DST was seen allotting human and material means additional in order to enable him to imply itself more seriously in terrorist operations. It has means more important than other divisions of DST: fast cars, material of photography very sophisticated for the time, and of the means allowing to carry out phone-tappings, receivers and transmitters to mark and follow vehicles or people. These techniques were with the avant-garde of many services of against-espionage in Europe and in the world at that time.

Territorial organization

There exists an antenna of DST by military region and zone of defense distributed on the whole of the territory:
  • Regional management Lille
  • Regional management Rennes
  • Regional management Bordeaux
  • Regional management Marseilles
  • Regional management Metz
  • Regional management Lyon
  • Regional management Towers

  • Detachment Antille-Guyana

  • Detachment Meeting
  • Detachment Polynesia
  • Detachment New Caledonia

Group operational support and interpellations

DST profits from a group of operators of the RAID the civils servant of this crack corps of the National police force assist the Enquêteurs of DST for the interpellations and their protections since 1987. Namely that in Paris and in Île-de-France, the RAID has an obligation for the DST from 8 to 24 operators of the grouping of intervention to make safe the places and to carry out the effraction and the interpellation of the accused individuals.

For regional managements in province, DST is helped and supported by GIPN and BREC of DCPJ decentralized by SRPJ as of the crack corpses of the National police force for the same spots of safety and protection as the Groupement of intervention RAID.

BREC are units of Judicial police, the civils servant of these brigades are accustomed to the difficult interpellations and only work in civil behavior, they in fact have the best enquéteurs related on the organized crime and the traffics of weapons and drugs.

Directors of DST

Regrouping with the RG

In 2008, manpower of DST should amalgamate with most of the personnel of the RG within the direction of the interior information.

See too

External bond

  • DST on the site of the ministry for the Interior

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