Diplomatic
The diplomatic (of the old Greek δίπλωμα / díplôma , passport, paper folded into two) is the study of the structure of the official documents. It is interested in their classification, their value, their age and their authenticity. It forms part, like the Paléographie or the Archivistique, of auxiliary sciences of the Histoire.
Its history goes back at the 15th century, and the critical examination of the medieval chartriers monastic and ecclesiastical, often full with Charte S and Diplôme S of doubtful authenticity. It is in answer to a critic Jesuit, Daniel Van Papenbroeck, that Jean Mabillon, Bénédictin of the congregation of Saint-Maur, wrote his Re diplomatica (1681), delivers founder of the diplomatic one. The diplomatic one was mainly the work of ecclesiastics a long time; in Western Europe, the documents of the Roman Catholic church were its first object of study. In France, the diplomatic one is taught in a systematic way to the École of the Charters since the foundation of this one.
In second half of the 20th century, the problems of diplomatic evolved/moved, paying its attention on the cultural history, the history of the uses of the writing.
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