Dignity
The concept of human dignity refers to a quality inseparably related to the being even of the man, which explains why it is the same one for all and that it does not admit degrees. This concept returns to the idea that “something is due to the human being of the only fact that it human east” (Paul Ricœur). That means that any man deserves an unconditional respect, whatever the age, the sex, physical or mental health, the religion, the social condition or the ethnic origin of the individual in question.
The concept of human dignity occupies an eminent place in the international law of the human rights and in particular in the relative texts to the bioethics, such as the Universal declaration on the human genome and the human rights of UNESCO (1997), the Universal declaration on the bioethics and the human rights of UNESCO (2005) and Convention on the human rights and the biomedecine of the Council of Europe (1997).
In international law one can note a first appearance of this notion in the Universal declaration of the Human rights (1948) which recognizes that all the family members human have a “inherent dignity” (Preamble) and lays out that “all the human beings are born free and equal in rights and dignity” (article 1st).
Moreover, the article first of the European Charte of the basic rights (integrated in the the Treaty of Rome of 2004 (1950) is devoted to human dignity. Certain standards of the Universal declaration of the Human rights (1948) are also directly inspired principle by respect of human dignity, in particular those relating to the right to the life (Article 2), the integrity of the person (Article 3), to the prohibition of torture and degrading or inhuman treatments (Article 4).
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