Diet of Whorl

Whorl or Speyer : German city where are held in 1526 and 1529 two councils ( Reichstag in German) which relate to the religious questions that the German Reform causes.

The diet of 1526

Continuation of the Diet of Worms in 1521, this council establishes a general line with the Saint Worsens Romain Germanique (Heiliges Reich Deutscher Nation) with respect to the various reformed movements born from the movement of Réforme of the Catholic church instituted by Martin Luther and other reformers such as Ulrich Zwingli and Thomas Müntzer.

In the absence of Charles Quint the large princes of the empire try ( Reichstände ) to find a compromise relating to the religious and social problems which since the Réforme shake the states of the empire. The question of the Indulgences, of the Marriage of the priests and the possibility for not ordered to celebrate the Worship partly (laic) are the three religious topics developed during this diet.

This diet also meets to find a solution with the country revolts ( Bauernkrieg in German) which in spring 1525 sets ablaze the south of the Saint Worsens Romain Germanique. (Wurtemberg, Bavaria and Franconie).

An answer is brought by the Emperor Charles Quint who by the voice of his brother, the prince of blood ( Erzherzog in German) Ferdinand Ier decides that:

  • the religious question must above all be business of the princes in their respective states.

  • a state of emergency must be proclaimed to be able to put a term at the country revolts.

  • the princes must implement measurements to improve the conditions of the populations which revolted.

And Charles Quint to write: " Also zu leben, zu regieren und zu halten, wie ein jeder solches gegen Gott und Ihrer Majestät hofft und getraut zu verantworten" .

The Historiographie considers that the Diète of Whorl of 1526 constitutes an opening nondesired by the emperor Charles Quint in the way of the free choice of the princes to apply the religion of their choice to their territory.

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The diet of 1529

The problem of the country revolts as of the rallyings solid mass of princes in “Causa Lutheri” poses as of the end of the diet of 1526 the question of honesty to the emperor Charles Quint. Itself in Spain at that time, leaves to the management of the internal problems to the Saint Empire Romain Germanique with his brother the prince of blood Ferdinand Ier.

The purpose of the convocation of this diet in spring 1529 is once again to reduce the question of the Réforme. The principal points developed by Charles Quint and of his brother Ferdinand Ier are the following:

  • Test to condemn and limit the propagation of the ideas reformists Lutherans
  • Réinstauration of the catholic worship and the Latin mass
  • total Suspension of the compromise of the diet of 1526 and reinforcement of the Edict of Worms (1521) (see Diet of Worms)

Obviously these topics will be badly received by the princes having embraced the new faith. April 19th, 1529 six princes (Johann von Sachsen, Philipp von Hessen, Georg von Brandenburg-Ansbach, Wolfgang von Anhalt, Ernst von Braunschweig-Lüneburg) as 14 cities of the empire (Strasbourg, Ulm, Nuremberg, Constance etc ) deposit an act of protest in front of the emperor. The election of the emperor by these same princes obliges this last to recognize the new confession formally.

This episode is regarded as a turning in the history of the Saint Worsens Romain Germanique.

Related articles

- Holy Germanic Romain Empire

- Reform

- Peace of Augsburg

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