Deutsche Welle

The Deutsche Welle or DW is the international service of diffusion of the Germany. It diffuses radio programs by Short waves, Internet and satellite in 29 languages as well as television programs in 4 languages.

Deutsche Welle emits regularly since 1953. Until 2003 it was located at Cologne, but moved in a new building in Bonn. The television programs are produced in Berlin. Internet site of Deutsche Welle is produced with Berlin and Bonn.

History

Deutsche Welle is inaugurated the May 3rd 1953, with a short speech of the president of the West Germany, Theodor Heuss. The June 11th 1953 the public diffusers of the ARD sign an agreement to share the responsibility for Deutsche Welle. At the beginning it was controlled by the Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk (NWDR). Into 1955 the NWDR is divided into two, with the Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR) on the one hand and the Westdeutscher Rundfunk (WDR) of the other. It is the latter which inherits the DW.

Expansion

In 1954, the station starts to emit in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese. In 1960 it becomes an independent public agency, which joined the ARD like station of national diffusion the June 7th 1962. In 1962 begins the diffusion of new languages: Persan, Turkish, Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Hungarian and Serbo-croatian. The following year the programs in Slovenien appear, raised, indonésien, Bulgarian, and Rumanian. In 1964 and 1970 of other languages arrive: the Greek, Italian, the Hindi, the Urdu one, the pashtoun and Indian millet. In 1992 begins the Albanian diffusion.

Reunification

With the reunification of the Germany in 1990, Radio operator International Berlin (RBI), public radio of East Germany, ceases her existence. Part of the personnel of RBI joined Deutsche Welle which inherits equipment of RBI, including its frequencies and the material of emission of Nauen. In 2000 is launched the diffusion in Ukrainian.

RIAS-TV , a television channel is launched by the diffuser of Western Berlin Rundfunk im amerikanischen Sektor (Radio in the American Sector) with semi-1989. The fall of the Berlin Wall and the reunification mean the closing of RIAS. April 1st, 1992 Deutsche Welle inherits the material of diffusion of RIAS-TV and makes use of it to launch a television channel by English and German satellite, DW-TW adding a Spanish program. In 1995 it chain starts to diffuse 24 hours per day: 12 hours in German, 10 in English and 2 in Spanish. It is at this time that the DW-TV integrates a new studio and a new logo. As of 1994 Deutsche Welle launches its Internet site.

The years 2000

In 2001 Deutsche Welle joined ARD and ZDF to found a German paid television (German TV) intended for North America, but the project fails in 2005 following the lack of subscriptions to finance the chain. DW-TV replaces this chain like subscription-based service in the United States. Contrary to much of international diffusers, DW-TV does not use ground stations for the diffusion of its programs which are retransmis by public stations of diffusion, as with the the United States or in New Zealand.

Deutsche Welle always suffers from financial cuts and a staff shortage. Its buget was tiny room of 75 million Euro in five years, and only 1200 employees remain out of the 2200 of 1994. In 2003 the German Government made pass a law defining Deutsche Welle like an organization in 3 media: DW-WORLD.DE, DW-TW and DW-RADIO. The same year Deutsche Welle moves with Bonn.

Emissions

Radio

Deutsche Welle diffuses in 29 languages, but with one duration of variable daily program according to the languages (not-exhaustive list):
    Albanian
  • : 1:30.
  • Bengali: 1:00.
  • Bulgarian: 3:00.
    • French
  • : 3:00.
  • Turkish: 2:00.
  • Urdu: 1:30.

The diffusion is distributed through the day. Thus the French-speaking service emits with three resumptions of the one hour programs.

Television

DW-TV diffuses in four languages: German, English, Arabic and Spanish. The daily duration of diffusion is established as follows:
  • German: 12 hours.
    • English
  • : 12 hours.
  • Arab: 3 hours.
  • Spanish: 2 hours.

Relay for short waves

German relays

  • 18 transmitters of 500 kw SW

    • Nauen, Brandenburg

  • 4 transmitters of 500 kw SW, each one with a rotary antenna Thomcast.

    • Jülich

External relays

Kigali, Rwanda

  • the site was destroyed following the civil war of the years 1990.
  • 4 transmitters of 250 kw each one

Sines, Portugal

  • 3 transmitters of 250 kw each one

Relays rented by Deutsche Welle

Deutsche Welle rents relays:

Comparison with other radio operator diffusers

Weekly duration of programs of the international radios.

Notes

  1. the USA: that included VOA (992 hours per week), RFE/RL (667 hps), Radio operator Marti (162 hps) – quantify of 1996.
  2. Since the dissolution of the U.S.S.R. in 1991, only the data concerning Russia are taken into account.
  3. 1996 represents the Czech Republic (created in 1993), the other years represent Czechoslovakia.
  4. At the time of the setting under press, the service external of South Africa is threatened and that of Nigeria ceased its activities.
  5. the list included nearly a quarter of the world diffusers whose funds are public and who are diffused universally. That excludes Taiwan, Vietnam, South Korea and several international stations commercial or religious.
  6. 1996 represents June; For the other years, they are the data of December.

Source: International Broadcast Goes down for hearing Research, June 1996.

Directors

Services of Deutsche Welle

  • DW-RADIO : Radio diffusion in 29 languages by short waves, satellite and digital diffusion, with an English and German service 24 hours a day.
  • DW-TV : Diffusion televised by satellite mainly in German and English, with programs in other languages.
  • DW-WORLD.DE : Internet site in 30 languages.

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