Detailed chronology of the Eiffel tower

Before 1884

DateFormat = yyyy ImageSize = width: 800 height: car barincrement: 37 PlotArea = left: 10 right: 10 bottom: 30 signal: 15

Colors = id: canvas been worth: rgb (0.86, 0.92, 0.99) id: grid1 been worth: rgb (0.80, 0.80, 0.80) id: grid2 been worth: rgb (0.86, 0.86, 0.86) id: Been worth Timeperiod: red id: Been worth Timeperiod2: rgb (0.86, 0.56, 0.56) id: Buildings been worth: rgb (0.56, 0.56, 0.96) id: gray been worth: Gray (0.7) id: black been worth: black id: white been worth: white

Period = from: 1783 till: 2006 TimeAxis = orientation: horizontal format: yyyy ScaleMajor = links: year increment: 10 start: 1790 gridcolor: grid1 ScaleMinor = links: year increment: 5 start: 1795 gridcolor: grid2 AlignBars = justify

BackgroundColors = canvas: canvas bars: canvas

BarData= bar: Timeperiod barset: Buildings

PlotData= width: 25 fontsize: M textcolor: black align: left

# Times bar: Timeperiod color: Timeperiod shift: (0,2)

from: 1783 till: 1884 color: red from: 1884 till: 2006 color: white

1884-1889

DateFormat = yyyy ImageSize = width: 800 height: car barincrement: 37 PlotArea = left: 10 right: 10 bottom: 30 signal: 15

BackgroundColors = canvas: canvas bars: canvas

BarData= bar: Timeperiod barset: Buildings

PlotData= width: 25 fontsize: M textcolor: black align: left

# Times bar: Timeperiod color: Timeperiod shift: (0,2)

from: 1783 till: 1884 color: white from: 1884 till: 1889 color: red from: 1889 till: 2006 color: white

|- | July 1st || 1887 || Beginning of work of the 1st stage of the Eiffel tower. |- | December 7th || 1887 || Junction of the four edges and the 1st stage of the Eiffel tower. |- | July 4th || 1888 || Gustave Eiffel invites tens of Parisian journalists to visit the building site of the Eiffel tower. They pose all for a historical photograph. |- | July 22nd || 1888 || In Poetries , François Coppée writes a poem on the Eiffel lathe:

|- | September || 1888 || Beginning of work of the 2nd stage of the Eiffel tower. |- | September || 1888 || Grève of the ouvriers: Gustave Eiffel grants to a whole an increase. |- | December || 1888 || Nouvelle strike of the ouvriers: No granted increase this time. The leaders are assigned to the assembly of the arcs of the 1st stage, with prohibition to go up to the upper floors. |- | || 1888 || Emile Nouguier and Maurice Koechlin touches: 50000 francs of the time on the basis of estimate carried out with Gustave Eiffel at the end of 1884 (repurchase of their share by Eiffel with an aim of having an exclusive patent on the lathe). |- | March 31st || 1889 || Official completion of the Eiffel tower. A French flag is hoisted at the top during a ceremony, greeted by 21 blows of gun. Previously, Gustave Eiffel and its guests had climbed them: 1710 steps which led then to the third stage of the tower. Officially, the Eiffel Tower is then the most monument of the world. |- | April 13rd || 1889 || The 13th banquet of the conference “Scientia” is offered to Mr. Eiffel. Sully Prudhomme makes a speech there:

|- | May 6th || 1889 || Opening of the World Fair of 1889. During all the exposure time, Le Figaro installs a " house of Figaro" on the 2nd floor of the tower and car a special daily edition " printed in the Eiffel" tower; , as its subtitle of the time indicates it. |- | May 6th || 1889 || In their Newspaper , Edmond de Goncourt and Jules de Goncourt write:

|- | May 15th || 1889 || Opening of the Eiffel tower to the public. As of the first week, it receives: 28922 visitors. The rise with 1st and 2nd stages is done with foot. |- | May 26th || 1889 || The rise of the tower is done out of elevator. |- | May || 1889 || Raoul Bonnery writes a poem on the Eiffel lathe in the Frank Newspaper :

|- | July 2nd || 1889 || In their Newspaper , Edmond de Goncourt and Jules de Goncourt write:

|- | July || 1889 || In the the Review of the Two Worlds, Eugene-Nickel silver of Vogue writes an article, " Through Exposition":

|- | October 31st || 1889 || Closing of the World Fair of 1889. Almost 2 million people visited the Eiffel tower (on 32 million entries to the World Fair of 1889). More precisely, in 173 days: 1953122 entries were recorded, that is to say on average: 11289 entries per day. As comparison, in 2005, the Eiffel tower counted: 17612 entries per day. Prestigious personalities sign the gold book: Georges 1st of Greece, the Shah of Persia, the prince of Wales, prince Baudouin, the tsarévitch, the son of the emperor of Japan etc |- | || 1889 || Henri Rousseau, known as Douanier Rousseau writes a play; a visit with the Exposure of 1889, light comedy in 3 acts and 10 tables , whose scene is held with the Eiffel tower:

|- | || 1889 || Georges Seurat (1859-1891) painted the tower Eiffel (Oil on panel, 24.1x15,2 cm, Fine Arts Museum - San Francisco). It represents the building whereas it was still in phase of construction.

1890-1900

DateFormat = yyyy ImageSize = width: 800 height: car barincrement: 37 PlotArea = left: 10 right: 10 bottom: 30 signal: 15

BackgroundColors = canvas: canvas bars: canvas

BarData= bar: Timeperiod barset: Buildings

PlotData= width: 25 fontsize: M textcolor: black align: left

# Times bar: Timeperiod color: Timeperiod shift: (0,2)

from: 1783 till: 1890 color: white from: 1890 till: 1900 color: red from: 1900 till: 2006 color: white

|- | September 9th || 1891 || The baker landais, Sylvain Dornon, assembles on stilts the 347 steps which lead to the first stage of the Eiffel tower. In March of this same year, it will make the Paris-Moscow voyage, always with this means of transport. |- | || 1893 || Gustave Eiffel definitively withdraws businesses after its legal inculpation, following the accounting scandal of the Canal of Panamá. Initially condemned to: 2000 francs of fine and with 2 years of prison, the court of appeal had finally cleared it. |- | || 1897 || In the Nozzle in the air , Alphonse Allais made appear " Use of the Eiffel tower in 1900 ":

|- | October || 1898 || 1st test of hertzian transmission telegraphic by Eugene Ducretet and Ernest Roger between the Eiffel Tower and the the Pantheon, distant of 4 km. |- | || 1898 || Died of Emile Nouguier. |- | April 15th - November 12th || 1900 || New World Fair organized to Paris. The Eiffel tower will record “only”: 1024897 visitors (that is to say 52,5% of the entries of the World Fair of 1889), while at the same time the total number of entries of this exposure is higher than that entered for that of 1889. |- | || 1900 || The lighting of the Eiffel tower, which was before with gas, becomes entirely electric thanks to the installation of: 5000 bulbs. |- | || 1900 || Until 1914, the every day, at midday, a blow of gun meaning will resound the new hour. One will speak in this respect “gun about midday”. |}

1901-1918

DateFormat = yyyy ImageSize = width: 800 height: car barincrement: 37 PlotArea = left: 10 right: 10 bottom: 30 signal: 15

BackgroundColors = canvas: canvas bars: canvas

BarData= bar: Timeperiod barset: Buildings

PlotData= width: 25 fontsize: M textcolor: black align: left

# Times bar: Timeperiod color: Timeperiod shift: (0,2)

from: 1783 till: 1901 color: white from: 1901 till: 1918 color: red from: 1918 till: 2006 color: white

|- | || 1918 || nationalist Calligramme of Guillaume Apollinaire, in the shape of Eiffel Tower:

1919-1946

DateFormat = yyyy ImageSize = width: 800 height: car barincrement: 37 PlotArea = left: 10 right: 10 bottom: 30 signal: 15

BackgroundColors = canvas: canvas bars: canvas

BarData= bar: Timeperiod barset: Buildings

PlotData= width: 25 fontsize: M textcolor: black align: left

# Times bar: Timeperiod color: Timeperiod shift: (0,2)

from: 1783 till: 1919 color: white from: 1919 till: 1946 color: red from: 1946 till: 2006 color: white

1947 at our days

DateFormat = yyyy ImageSize = width: 800 height: car barincrement: 37 PlotArea = left: 10 right: 10 bottom: 30 signal: 15

BackgroundColors = canvas: canvas bars: canvas

BarData= bar: Timeperiod barset: Buildings

PlotData= width: 25 fontsize: M textcolor: black align: left

# Times bar: Timeperiod color: Timeperiod shift: (0,2)

from: 1783 till: 1947 color: white from: 1947 till: 2006 color: red

|- | || 1965 || In the northern pillar of the tower Eiffel, a new elevator allowing to transport 110 people, is installed. |- | || 1966 || Lancement of the worldwide campaign against the faim: Charles Aznavour and Georges Brassens sings on the Eiffel lathe. |- | || 1967 || : 50000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | || 1967 || In a collection of news, K. , Dino Buzzati tells in one of them, the history of Andre Lejeune, garage hand in Rungis that Gustave Eiffel approaches in the hope to make it work on the building site of the Eiffel tower:

|- | December 2nd || 1969 || A skating rink is installed on the 2nd floor of the Eiffel tower. For the anecdote, the bear of the Cirque of Moscow is the first to be tested there. |- | || 1971 || : 60000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | October 25th || 1972 || In October 1971, the French government, under the direction of the Minister for Defense, Michel Debré, decided enlarging of the military camp on the plate of Larzac, in the Massif Central. The farmers opposed this project of extension, which was finally cancelled in 1981 by the new President of the Republic, François Mitterrand, after ten years of non-violent fights. October 25th, 1972, in sign of protest, six shepherds lead sixty ewes over Field-of-March. |- | || 1972 || This year, passage for the first time of the course symbolic system of the 3 million entries.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | || 1974 || : 70000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | || 1976 || Jacques Tardi publishes volume 2 of extraordinary Adventures of Adele Blanc-Sec: the demon of the Eiffel Tower.

See also: documentary Resources on the lathe Eiffel

|- | || 1977 || The golfor Arnold Micrometer caliper striking of the balls since the 2nd stage of the Eiffel tower. |- | || 1977 || : 80000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | January 1st || 1980 || The new one exploiting tower becomes the SNTE (New Company of Exploitation of the Eiffel Tower), the owner remaining the Town of Paris. |- | || 1980 || : 90000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | Mars || 1981 || The SNTE (New Company of Exploitation of the Eiffel Tower), the owner, in agreement with the Town of bets, owner of the Eiffel tower, engages most important renovation works which the tower knew since its construction, around three building sites:

- the lightening of the structure of the building (either to the final one: 1340 tons)

it total rebuilding of the elevators and staircases.

it creation of means of safety adapted to the popular success of the tower.

|- | || 1981 || Exposure Gustave Eiffel , organized by the Town of Dijon.

See also: documentary Resources on the lathe Eiffel

|- | September 22nd || 1982 || Jacques Chirac, mayor of Paris at the time, inaugurates the new installations of the Eiffel Tower, started in March 1881 and realized with final budget of 205 franc million. |- | || 1982 || Exposure Gustave Eiffel and his time , organized by Bernard Marrey with the museum from the Post office in Paris.

See also: documentary Resources on the lathe Eiffel

|- | February 1st || 1983 || Setting on sale with the biddings of 20 sections of the helicoid staircase which carried out, with the opening of the Eiffel tower, of 2nd on the 3rd floor. The operation is retransmises by twenty and one televisions of the whole world. Certain parts are offered to French museums. |- | || 1983 || : 100000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | March 25th || 1984 || Bernard Rocher, President of the new Company of exploitation of the Eiffel Tower gives a commemorative medal to the 150 workmen who were distinguished during work of refitting of the monument, which took place of March 1981 in September 1982. The medal is also given to 250 companions come as a delegation from seven countries of Europe. A commemorative plaque in the honor of Eugene Milon, who supervised the building site of the lifting of the Eiffel Tower of 1887 to 1889, is revealed. |- | || 1984 || This year, passage for the first time of the course symbolic system of the 4 million entries.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | || 1985 || : 110000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | || 1985 || Left the film Dangerously yours ( has View to has Kill ) John Glen. James Bond (Roger Moore) continues May Day (Grace Jones) in the steps of the Eiffel tower. A scene takes seat in a restaurant (reconstituted in studio) of the tower.

|- | || 1986 || For the night, the Eiffel tower sets up a gilded lighting, carried out using lamps with the Xénon of: 6000 Watt, having for longevity: approximately 1200 hours. |- | June 25th || 1987 || The New Zealand A.J. Hackett carries out a Saut with the rubber band (unauthorized) since the 2nd stage of the Eiffel tower. |- | || 1988 || : 120000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | August || 1989 || The equilibrist Philippe Petit joined the esplanade of Trocadéro since the second stage of the Eiffel tower on a 760 meters length wire. |- | || 1989 || The southern pillar offers a new elevator, a hoist produced by Otis, reserve with the personnel, in order to reserve the use of the other elevators of the tower to the only visitors. |- | || 1989 || This year, passage for the first time of the course symbolic system of the 5 million entries.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | || 1989 || Exposure 1889, the Eiffel tower and the World Fair , organized to the Museum of Orsay in Paris.

See also: documentary Resources on the lathe Eiffel

|- | || 1990 || : 130000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | || 1990 || The international meetings of the audio-visual scientist, Image and science , proceed with the Eiffel tower. |- | May 14th || 1991 || Exposure Round the world tours: from Babel at our days. |- | || 1991 || : 140000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | March 31st || 1992 || Exposure Visions of Europe : paintings, sculptures and photographs of 50 young artists originating in 30 European capitals. |- | August 30th || 1993 || With 17:51, Jacqueline Martinez is officially it: 150000000e visitor. This 33 year old young woman, policeman, sees herself offering a new car.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | July 14th || 1994 || Concert for the tolérance: In 1994, Jean Michel Jarre gives a concert to the foot of the Eiffel tower to celebrate the 50 years of UNESCO in front of more than one million spectators.

|- | December 14th || 1994 || French exit of the film an Indian in the city with Thierry Lhermitte, Patrick Timsit, Miou-Miou, Arielle Dombasle, which gains a popular success in room. In a sequence of film, the young Indian Mimi-Siku (Ludwig Briand), climbing the Eiffel tower with naked hands.

|- | || 1995 || 17th painting campaign of the Eiffel Tower since his construction. 25 painters mountaineers climb the Eiffel tower to apply the 60 tons necessary to its maintenance. |- | || 1995 || : 160000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | October 2nd || 1996 || French exit of American film Independence Day of Roland Emmerich. In the French version, the Eiffel tower is destroyed by the extraterrestrial ones. |- | || 1996 || The brewery located on the first floor of the Eiffel tower is completely renovated and becomes the restaurant Altitude 95 , just as the “Ferrié house” on the first floor, which includes/understands post office, dresser and windows. |- | February 25th || 1997 || Jacques Chirac, President of the French Republic pays homage to Paul-Emile Victor. 50 years earlier, the the Council of Ministers charged Paul-Emile Victor with the preparation of the French Polar Expéditions - Missions Paul-Emile Victor. On the 1st floor of the Eiffel tower, a decoration consequently is installed: ice-barrier and penguins, mannequins warmly equipped in the middle of caterpillars, of sledges and other scientific materials essential to polar forwardings. |- | August 21st || 1997 || 8e world Day of youth : Arrival of the pope Jean-Paul II in front of a million young people gathered over Field-of-March. |- | || 1997 || : 170000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | || 1998 || This year, passage for the first time of the course symbolic system of the 6 million entries.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | May 26th || 1998 || Exposition devoted to Jules Verne : a giant portrait of the writer is tended between 1st and 2nd stages. Constituted of round pastilles 8 cm in diameter, out of aluminum, of color black and money, assembled on a net of 300 m ² and a total weight of 2,1 tons, it was carried out according to a photograph of Felix Nadar ( to see opposite). |- | September 1st || 1999 || Opening of the hotel casino Paris Las Vegas on the Las Vegas Strip, Paradise, Nevada, located close to Las Vegas, the United States. In front of the hotel is posted a reproduction on the scale 1:2 of the Eiffel Tower, that is to say a reproduction of 165m top.

See also: Counterparts and imitations of the tower Eiffel

|- | || 1999 || Exposure “the Eiffel tower at the edge of the Arno”, with Florence, in Italy, organized by the Public records. Entitled Of Tuscany in Europe of Gustave Eiffel, the Eiffel Tower at the edge of Arno , it will last three months. |- | || 1999 || : 180000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | January 1st || 2000 || The Eiffel tower indicates on a giant screen the date of this first of the historical year. Started: 1000 days earlier, this screen daily indicated the remaining number of days until this historical January 1st. |- | June 10th || 2000 || Johnny Hallyday gives a concert and a pyrotechnical spectacle, in front: 600000 people, with the foot of the Eiffel tower. He of it will be drawn a disc: 100% Johnny - Live with the Tower Eiffel , Johnny Hallyday., compilation (CD album), 2 Volumes, 2000.

|- | || 2000 || : 190000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | || 2000 || Since January 1st, 2000 and throughout the year: 20000 bulbs with bayonets scintillate during 10 minutes at midday, then, in superposition of the lighting gilded set up in 1986,5 minutes every hour ranging between fallen from the night and 1 hour morning. And to close the spectacle, at 1 o'clock in the morning, the flutter lasted 10 minutes, tower extinct. |- | December || 2001 || Beginning of the 18th painting campaign of the Eiffel tower since his construction. The countryside finished in June 2003 and used a new painting without lead. |- | || 2002 || : 200000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | June || 2003 || The Eiffel tower takes again the principle of his illuminations of the year 2000, but this time, with: 20000 electronic-flash lamps. In superposition of the gilded lighting set up in 1986, scintillates fifteen minutes each hour, of fallen the night up to 2 hours of the morning the summer (1 hour of the morning the winter). At 2 o'clock in the morning the summer (1 hour in winter), the flutter has place, extinct tower. |- | July 22nd || 2003 || A light fire takes towards 19:20 at the top of the tower, not making any casualty. |- | || 2003 || : 210000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | January 17th || 2004 || For the launching of the Digital terrestrial television (TNT), a new antenna is installation. |- | January 24th || 2004 || At the time of the celebration of the Chinese New year the Eiffel tower was avoided of red color, until January 29th in the morning. During these 5 days, this red preparing was visible 17:00 of the evening with 7:30 of the morning. The kickoff, on January 24th, was done at the conclusion of the procession organized on the Fields-Élysées, at the time of a ceremony of illumination in the presence of the French and Chinese Ministers for the Culture and the Mayors of Paris and Beijing. |- | May 16th || 2005 || A 31 years old Norwegian, accompanied by two friends, all followers of the base jump, kill themselves around 10 p.m. while wanting to jump in parachute of the second stage of the Eiffel tower. |- | || 2005 || Pascal Lainé publishes the novel the mystery of the Tower Eiffel , adapted the same year in telefilm by Simon Brook under the title the true legend of the tower Eiffel .

|- | || 2005 || : 220000000e visitor.

See also: Popularity, notoriety and profile of the visitors of the tower Eiffel

|- | January 1st || 2006 || Exploitation of the Eiffel tower: The company of mixed economy SETE (Development company of the Eiffel Tower) succeeds for 10 years the preceding dealer, the SNTE (new Company of exploitation of the Eiffel Tower), whose mandate expired at December 31st, 2005. The owner is always the Town of Paris. |- | January 29th || 2007 || association greenpeace diverts the Eiffel tower for his propaganda in order to communicate on global warming during the meeting of the Intergovernmental Group of experts on the Evolution of Climate (GIEC) in Paris. Posting represents a thermometer carrying the inscription “it' S not too late”. |}

Sources

the Tower of Mr Eiffel . Bertrand Lemoine. Paris: Gallimard, 1989. - 143 p.: ill. (Discoveries Structures). ISBN 2-07-053083-3.
the Tower Eiffel . Published by SEP-Treasures IDF (the Parisian one and the Fabbri Editions). September 2005.
www.tour-eiffel.fr (illuminations).
www.tour-eiffel.fr (the Eiffel tower in the books and with the cinema).
www.tour-eiffel.fr (the newspaper of the Eiffel tower).

Random links: