Demolition

Methods

The demolition can be done by:

the man power, with tools like the mass.
the use of tools for demolition such as the hydraulic grip of demolition (largest in version 2 jacks is of an opening of 2500 mm and a weight of 13100 kg the ms 130R de Mantovanibenne), the fixed or rotating hydraulic crusher (generally in version 1 jack), the shear with metals hydraulic fixed or rotating (1 jack), the grip of tri hydraulics, the crusher with posts up to 1800 mms in diameter, the hook of demolition, and Engins of demolition such as the Bulldozer, the back-digging shovel equipped with standard arm or arm great height which can reach 90 Mr.
Nibbling. This technique, more usually used than the dynamiting, it consists in demolishing the structure using an excavator to equip with a tool. The dexterity of the driver, allied to the performance of the machine, comes to end from the most rigid structures. But the turns to be demolished today are increasingly high, which requires machines increasingly higher (kobelco SK3500D and the highest shovel of the world with 65 meters).
thermal Lance. Atypical technique allowing the cutting or the fast drilling of any materials (Reinforced concrete, rocks, stainless, cast iron, aluminum…) without vibration. Technique used as last recourse when the traditional techniques are not effective.
the Dynamiting, is the use of Explosif S, and in particular of Dynamite.

Demolition HQE

A demolition can be the schedule of conditions object of the type HQE (environmental High-quality), which will aim at reducing the Nuisance S throughout the building site (noise, dust, odors, disturbance), to reduce the ecological Empreinte and energy of the building site, and as well as possible to recycle materials dismounted or resulting from the déconstruction and demolition. Certain constructions HQE besides are now conceived (écoconception) to facilitate a future déconstruction upstream and the réusage of materials or elements built.

Building sites

They always dangerous and for this reason materialized and are carefully surrounded by grids in order to restrict the public access of them. The provisional evacuation of the residents can be decided in the event of use of explosives or particular danger. The burning of any type of waste to the free air is interdict in France and in many countries. Certain industrial waste lands, military sites, hospitals, etc require special precautions, and should be preceded by a study of Risque and Danger S.

Waste

The demolition is at the origin of a large volume of Déchet S (ex: 310 million tons/year only for the work French public and demolition sites. They are in the majority of the countries known as developed divides into several categories, according to their dangerosity:

the inert waste (DI) or (class 3): In fact waste not poison and does not have any modification in time. (Rubble brick, breeze block, tile, mortar, cement, tiling, coat them without tar ground…). They will be reprocessed in platform, of tri sorting office, centers technical hiding of type III. The concrete could be to him crushed to be to re-use out of stones, engraves… to do lots of mileage…

the banal industrial waste (DIB) or (class 2): is nondangerous considered waste comparable to the household refuse (Packing, paperboard, waste exit of the clearing out of the building, PVC lino, plaster, plants, metals (except lead, mercury, etc), cement bag, cables and piping) They could be hides in technical center of hiding of type II, recycled (paperboard, metals and unquestionable plastic) incineration|incinerated or revalorized (transformation of the plants perforates some or gas).

the special industrial waste (SAY) or (class 1): They are the comprising waste of materials and chemical or harmful poisons with health and environment (piles, domestic product, acids, paintings, solvents, hydrocarbons, oils, pesticides, liquids of cooling, asbestos, etc) They will be reprocessed in specialized center, inerted and hidden according to the regulation (in discharge of class I in France)

Two solutions exist for the treatment of the Amiante:

vitrification (by plasma)
the hiding in specialized center

The Dangerous waste or the Toxic waste, to eliminate with precaution and according to the regulation.

Legal aspects

The demolition of infrastructures and important buildings generally requires a Permis to demolish. Except for the communes of less than 10.000 inhabitants.
Le burning of waste of demolition (and others) are interdict in many countries, because of the fact that they often contain toxic products or posing medical or environmental problems (wood treated with pesticides, mineral wools, lead, zinc, copper, PVC, painting, varnish, etc which produce toxic smoke and/or ashes)

See too

External bonds

Random links: